Settling the New England Colonies

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Settling the Middle Colonies
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• New Netherlands becomes New York
• 1609 Hudson claims land along Hudson River for
  Dutch while looking for NW Passage

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• B. Beginning of New Netherlands
• 1621 Dutch West India Company sets up a trading
  company - New Netherlands
• 1624 Sent 30 families to settle
• New Amsterdam center of new colony
• Located on Manhattan Island
• 1626 Peter Minuit, governor of the colony, buys
  the land for about 24
• Grows slowly
• No real reason to move there
• Their country was prosperous and tolerant of
  religions

Peter Minuit
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• Recruiting settlers
• Welcomes all people in New England
• Gave large tracts of land to anyone who brought
  50 settlers
• Riverfront property
• Patroons ran land as they chose own laws
• New Sweden Established
• Fur Trade brought settlers from Sweden
• 1638 New Sweden formed near Wilmington,
  Delaware
• Dutch view New Sweden as a rival
• 1655 Peter Stuyvesant, governor of New
  Netherlands, seized New Sweden

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• New English King Takes Over
• Civil War in England
• Parliament Puritans vs. Charles I supporters
• King beheaded for treason
• Puritans run country for 11 years
• 1660 King Charles II takes over

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• 1664 Charles sends brother, James, Duke of York
  to seize Dutch colony.
• Four English warships anchor at New Amsterdam
• Governor Stuyvesant tells colonists to fight
  back.
• New Netherlands surrenders without a fight
• Renamed New York in honor of James

Fight back!
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• Colonial Government
• James becomes proprietor of New York
• Allows Dutch to keep their religion, lands, and
  customs
• Religious freedom to all
• Colonists had no say in government

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• New Jersey
• New York too large to manage for James
• Gave land to Sir George Carteret and Lord John
  Berkeley
• Named land New Jersey after Carterets
  birthplace
• Kept religious freedom
• Developed separately until they became a royal
  colony in 1702

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• William Penns Colonies
• Quakers needed a place for religious freedom
• Quakers persecuted
• Believed all people equals in eyes of God
• Refused to take oaths
• Women allowed to speak at meetings
• Opposed war would not serve in army
• Refused to pay taxes
• Did not believe in slavery

William Penn
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• King Charles gave Penn land to repay loan from
  Penns father
• Named land Pennsylvania
• Pennsylvania Penns woods
• Based government on religious freedom
• Paid Natives for land
• Attracted German settlers fleeing religious wars
• Formed communities that kept alive their customs
• Known as Pennsylvania Dutch

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• Delaware
• Pennsylvania had no seaports
• Penn receives grant from James for 3 counties
  along the Delaware River for trading purposes
• Uniting two areas difficult
• Delaware could elect their own assembly
• Penn was governor
• Delaware later break away and form their own
  colony

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