Chapter 5 Section 2

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Chapter 5 Section 2

• World History
• Miss Johnson

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-polis

• How many US place names can you think of with
  this suffix?
• What do you think this term means?
• What do you think the term has to do with Greece?

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Ancient Greece
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Geography of Greece

• Very mountain and rocky
• Mountains divide
• Hundreds of islands

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How would this geography effect civilization in
Greece?

• Isolated by mountain or water
• Scattered on different islands
• No huge empire created
• Many small city-states created
• City-states were rivals and VERY independent

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The Seas

• Ship building, sailors
• Set sail with olive oil, wine, and marble
• The Greeks brought the Phoenician alphabet and
  changed it to the Greek alphabet

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City-States

• -polis what the Greeks called their version of
  the city-state
• City built on two levels
• Upper Level Acropolis the high city with
  great marble temples dedicated to different Greek
  gods.
• Lower Level main walled city wit marketplaces,
  theatre, public buildings, and homes

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Early Forms of Greek Government

• Monarchy a king or a queen
• Aristocracy rule by a landholding elite
• Oligarchy rule in the hands of a few, powerful
  elite

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Warfare Changes

• Iron weapons replace bronze
• Iron helmets, shields, swords
• Phalanx formation of foot soldiers that
  required much training

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Sparta

• Greek city-state
• Very strict control
• 2 kings and a council of elders
• Military state
• Spartans were meant to be soldiers or to be
  mothers of soldiers

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Spartan Warriors
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Spartan Boys

• Required to begin military training at age 7
• Trained for a lifetime in the military
• Were toughened up by having a rough life, poor
  living conditions, little food, etc

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Spartan Women

• Produce healthy sons for the Spartan Army
• Exercise and be strong
• Taught to be tough and to fight
• Were taught reading and writing
• Given responsibilities

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Sparta

• Spartans were warriors.
• The Spartans had very little to do with other
  Greeks or with trading.
• Spartans had little use for art, rhetoric, or
  philosophy.
• Spartan life was hard.
• Spartans were VERY DIFFERENT from the Athenians.

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Athens
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Athens

• Located NE of Sparta
• Athens was run initially by the aristocracy, but
  later by the people, in a democracy.
• Athens was the worlds first democracy

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