Civil War Questions 47

1
Civil War Questions 4-7

• By Michele Fascelli, Jessica Johnston, and Casey
  Price

2
Essential Questions
4) The approaches of Abraham Lincoln and the
Congress to the slavery question during the
course of the Civil War, their decisions on this
issue, and the impact of those decisions on the
Union and its war effort.
5) The approaches of Jefferson Davis and the
Confederate Congress to the slavery question,
their decisions on this issue, and the impact of
those decisions on the Confederacy and its war
effort.
6) The impact of military life and wartime
experiences on Confederate and Union soldiers
during the Civil War.
7) General Grant's strategy in the final years of
the Civil War and the battles that enabled him to
achieve a northern victory.
3
The Decision on Slavery

• Slavery first began as a concern over captured
  rebel property.
• Slaves were considered contra-band
• Congress wanted to establish an official policy,
  thus they passed the
• 1st Confiscation Act in August 1861
• Nothing freed the slaves
• Lincoln argued the South was still entitled to
  the Constitutions protection of property

4
Lincoln

• Union also possessed proslavery Democrats.
  However, Radical Republicans wanted emancipation.
  Led to
• 2nd Confiscation Act
• Lincoln had stalled long enough
• With the victory of Antietam, September 1862, he
  issued the Preliminary Emancipation Proclamation
  (Slaves free as of January 1st, 1863)

5
Jefferson Davis
South was protective of their slave rights!

• Davis had always argued the right of slavery
  to go into the territories.
• African negroes from any foreign country other
  than slave-holding States of the United States is
  hereby forbidden, and Congress is required to
  pass such laws as shall effectually prevent the
  same.
• - J. Davis (Veto Message Feb. 28, 1861)
• Slave Trade

6
The Army

• Primarily composed of volunteers until the end of
  the war (DRAFT)
• Soldiers had no military experience or training
• War changed their lives, becoming more
  experienced in life outside of the home and
  community
• Union became more experienced from direct contact
  with cruel institution of slavery
• Drills became significant in their lives (marches
  and firing weapons)

7
The Army

• Both Confederate and
• Union soldiers
  experienced
• excessive drinking,
  gambling, robberies and prostitution.
• Men left the factories and women took their
  place!!

8
General Grant

• War Strategy
• Knew he had an advantage of superior numbers and
  better supply lines.
• Because he knew direct confrontation with Lees
  soldiers wouldnt work, he used flanking
  maneuvers to keep forces on the run (as well as
  wearing them down and preventing them to get
  needed supplies)

9
General Grants Victory

• In early Sept. 1864, victories such as Atlanta
  and Lincoln winning re-election, the South
  surrendered
• Grant planned to extend lines west and cut
  railroad links to Petersburg and Richmond
• Grant wrote to Lee, explaining futility of
  continued resistance and discussed terms of
  surrender

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THE END
Thank You Michele Fascelli, Casey Price,
Jessica Johnston
11
Glossary

• 1st Confiscation Act authorized the seizure
  of all property used in military rebellion,
  including slaves
• 2nd Confiscation Act authorized the
  seizure of property of all persons in rebellion
  and stipulated that slaves who came within the
  Union shall be free forever