The Berlin Wall

1
The Berlin Wall

• What was the cause of the Berlin Wall and what
  was its impact on the Cold War?
• The Berlin Wall was built to stop East
  Germans/Berliners from entering West Berlin
• The Berlin Wall showed the world how cruel
  communism could be
• Became a symbol for death/oppression
• Became a symbol of government control and loss of
  freedom for East Germans

2
The Cuban Missile Crisis

• What were the causes of the Cuban Missile Crisis
  and what was its outcome?
• The Soviets placed missiles capable of carrying
  nuclear warheads into Cuba for Cubas protection
• The Cubans needed protection because they feared
  another US attempt to get rid of Fidel Castro
  (Bay of Pigs)
• Kennedy ordered a quarantine of Cuba
• Soviets removed the missiles from Cuba and
  stopped sending more
• The US promised not to invade Cuba and removed US
  missiles from Turkey

3
Culture of the Cold War

• Communism versus Capitalism

4
Cold War Culture

• The Cold War created its own world culture
• Became a part of almost every cultural aspect in
  America
• Attitudes towards
• the Soviet Union
• Politics
• Music
• Sports
• Movies

5
East Versus West

• East refers to anything connected to the Soviet
  Union or communism
• West refers to anything connected to the U.S.
  or its allies
• Americans felt that they were a part of the
  battle at home
• Most people carried anti-communist feelings
• Celebrated anything that honored America and its
  ideals

6
Politics

• Americans feared Communists were lurking in the
  U.S. govt (Red Scare)
• Some people used this fear to advance their own
  career
• 1950s - Senator Joseph McCarthy
• He claimed their were communists in the U.S.
  govt and military
• Accused politicians and leaders of being
  communist sympathizers
• Held court hearings to defend his claims
• Never had any real proof and lost support from
  the American public

7
The Impact of McCarthyism

• Popular at first, McCarthy verbally attacked many
  U.S. officials
• Questioned some peoples patriotism and character
• The court hearings showed Americans that he was
  reckless and rude
• He lost support
• Many people lost their jobs despite a lack of
  hard evidence against them
• U.S. Senate ordered McCarthy to stop his attacks
  (censure)
• McCarthy represented American fears despite
  supporting evidence
• His early popularity proved Americans feared that
  a Communist take-over was possible in the minds
  of U.S. citizens

8
Music

• Cold War feelings were evident in American
  music of the time
• Lyrics discussed fears of nuclear war
• the battle between East and West
• how great America is
• why cant the world have peace
• ending global wars
• even anti-US or anti-Soviet
  feelings

Bob Dylan
9
Sports

• East versus West was evident in sporting events
  as well
• Winning the competition meant our country was
  better than theirs (vice versa)
• 1972 Olympic basketball
• 1972 World Chess
• 1980 Olympic hockey

10
Movies

• Hollywood movies used the Cold War theme too
• Storylines involved
• nuclear war
• worldwide espionage (spying)
• Soviet invasions of U.S.
• Even sporting events of us versus them feelings