Browser Basics

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Browser Basics

• Tutorial 1

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Learn about Web browser software and Web pages

• The Web is a collection of files that reside on
  computers, called Web servers.
• Web servers are connected to each other through
  the Internet
• When using your Internet connection to become
  part of the Web, your computer becomes a Web
  client.
• The software you use to connect your computer to
  the Web server is your Web browser.
• Common Web browsers are Navigator and Internet
  Explorer
• These browsers use a standard Graphical User
  Interface design

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The server/client structure
A client makes a request for data or services and
a server processes the request.
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Anchor tags are used to define hyperlinks

• Text files on Web servers are coded with HTML
  formatting tags that enable your browser to read
  text.
• The tag that gives HTML its power, however, is
  the anchor tag.
• Each anchor tag used in an HTML document, or Web
  page, creates a hypertext link or hypermedia link
  to other HTML documents or to other media.
• These links are a different color than other text
  on the page, and are sometimes underlined. When
  you click the link, you connect to another Web
  page.

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Identify a hyperlink on a Web page
Hyperlinks are usually underlined and in a
different color.
Clicking a hyperlink will instantly transfer you
to that page.
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Hyperlinks enable you to jump from page to page
Hyperlinks can be used to chain multiple pages
together.
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Learn about Web addresses and URLs

• Each computer on the Internet has an unique
  identification number, called an IP (Internet
  Protocol) address.
• The IP addressing system currently in use on the
  Internet uses a four-part number.
• Each part of the address is a number ranging from
  0 to 255, and each part is separated from the
  previous part by a period, for example
  106.29.242.17.
• Although each computer connected to the Internet
  has a unique IP address, most Web browsers use
  domain name addressing to locate Web sites and
  pages.

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Commonly used domain names
The domain name assigned to a Web sites address
helps to identify what type of Web site it is,
such as business, government, or educational
related, etc.
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Identify the parts of a URL
To identify a Web page's exact location, Web
browsers rely on Uniform Resource Locators (URL).
The URL consists of a transfer protocol, domain
name, pathname, and filename, as shown in this
figure.
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Save and organize Web addresses

• Use Internet Explorer's Favorites list to store
  and organize a list of Web pages that you have
  visited so you can return to them easily.
• The Favorites button on the Standard Buttons
  toolbar opens the Favorites Explorer Bar.
• Use the Favorites Explorer Bar to open URLs you
  have stored as favorites.
• Create folders to organize your favorites in the
  way that best suits your needs and working style.
  
• Organize your folders in a hierarchical structure
  using the Organize button on the Favorites
  Explorer Bar.

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Favorite Web sites can be saved and organized
The URLs of sites you want to revisit can be
saved and organized into folders using the
Favorites Explorer Bar.
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Organize favorites into folders
Click the Organize button to open the Organize
Favorites dialog box.
You can create new folders to organize your
favorites by category. You can also move existing
favorites from one folder to another.
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Navigate the Web

• The easiest way to move from one Web page to
  another is to use hyperlinks.
• You can also use the Back and Forward buttons on
  the Internet Explorer toolbar to go to previously
  visited pages and the Address bar to display a
  list of previously visited Web sites from which
  you can select one to revisit.
• To open a copy of the Web sites you have visited,
  you can click the History button on the Standard
  Buttons toolbar.
• The History bar displays on the left side of the
  window, and it organizes sites you've visited by
  day and week.
• When you want to return to your home page, click
  the Home button.

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Use the History bar
You can use the History bar to see a list of
sites you have recently visited.
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Change your home page
You can change your home page in the Internet
Options dialog box.
The home page is the first page that appears when
you start your browser.
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Use the Web to find information

• To find information on a general topic you can
  use a Web directory, which is a Web page that
  contains a list of Web page categories.
• The hyperlinks on a Web directory page lead to
  other pages that contain lists of subcategories.
• These lead to other category lists and Web pages
  that relate to the category topics.
• You can also use Web search engines to search the
  Web for words or expressions that you enter.
• Once you find a Web page you want, you can
  bookmark the page or add it to your Favorites
  list.

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Use a search engine
Many browser home pages have a search engine (or
multiple search engines) that is available
directly from that page. In this figure, the
Google and alltheweb search engines are
accessible for quick and easy searches.
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Configure and use the Microsoft Internet Explorer
Web browser

• The Internet Explorer Web browser uses a standard
  GUI design that includes many screen elements
  standard to Microsoft Windows applications.
• The title bar shows the name of the open Web page
  and the Web browser's program name
• The scroll bar enables you to bring more of the
  page than appears on the screen into view
• The status bar includes information about the
  browser's operation
• The menu bar enables you to execute typical File,
  Edit, View, and Help commands
• You can hide the toolbars on your Web page by
  clicking View on the menu bar and then clicking
  Full Screen.

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Identify the Explorers interface components
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Change security options
Internet Explorer lets you classify Web pages by
the security risk they present. You can change
your security settings in the Internet Security
Properties dialog box. You can choose from four
security settings.
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Access specific Web pages

• To access a specific Web page
• Enter its URL in the Address bar
• Search the Web using a search engine or directory
  
• Click on a Bookmark or Favorites folder item you
  had previously saved
• You can save your favorite Web sites to your
  Favorites folder so that you can quickly and
  easily access them later.

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Use the Address bar
You can go to a specific Web site by entering the
URL into the Address bar and pressing the Enter
key, or clicking the Go button.