Tumor Immunology

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Tumor Immunology

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www.cs.nsw.gov.au/.../assets/OvarianCancer.jpg
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http//www.microscopyu.com/galleries/pathology/ova
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http//www.microscopyu.com/galleries/pathology/col
oncarcinoma.html
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http//pathmicro.med.sc.edu/virol/hepb-cdy.jpg
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http//www.som.tulane.edu/classware/pathology/medi
cal_pathology/McPath/GR_Liver/Liver14.jpg
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http//ccs.tsurumi-u.ac.jp/seminar/dental/kouza/by
ouri/ pathology/kogi/image/025malignant_hepatoma3.
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http//pleiad.umdnj.edu/pathology_course/mini_quiz
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What is tumor?

• Tumor swelling
• Neoplasm new growth
• Transformed cells not normal cells
• Benign tumor non invasive
• Malignant tumor invasive (?????? ??????????????)

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???????? tumor immunity
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Type of tumor antigens

• Tumor-specific antigen ?????????????????????
  tumor ????????? chemical induce
• Tumor-associated antigen ??????????????????????
  tumor ?????????????? ?????????????????????????????
  ????????????????????????? Alpha-feto protein
  (AFP), Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)

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Tumor Ag and associated genes

• 1. Proto-oncogene ????
• - mutated p53 ???? colon, breast, lung cancer
  
• - c-Myc ???? lymphoma ???????
• 2. Product of other mutated genes ???????
  mutation ???????????????????????
• 3.Abnormally express cellular proteins
• ???? tyrosinase ?? Melanoma

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Tumor Ag and associated genes(cont.)

• 4. Tumor Ag from oncogenic viruses
• - EBV ?? B-cell lymphoma
• - HPV ?? Cervical carcinoma
• 5. Oncofetal antigens
• - AFP ?????????????
• - CEA ???????????????????????????
• 6.Altered glycolipid and glycoprotein antigen
• - CA-125 , CA-19-9 ???? ovarian cancer

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Immune response to tumor
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13-2 CTL response to tumor
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Antibody

• ADCC (antibody-dependent cell-mediated
  cytotoxicity) Macrophage, K-cell
• Complement gttumor lysis

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• NK cell Low MHC-I expression IL2IL12
• Macrophage Fc receptorTNF-a

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Immune escape mechanism

• Low express MHC-I
• No co-stimulatory molecules (B7)
• Synthesis cytokine suppress immune response
  transforming growth factor-ß , Fas ligand
• Low antigenicity of tumor antigen

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Immunotherapy for tumor

• Passive immunotherapy
• - IL2, IFNs, TNF-a, GM-CSF
• adverse effect hypotension, vascular leak,
  nausea, myocardial infraction
• - Antibodytoxin
• - Adoptive transfer LAK, TILs, TCLs
• Active immunotherapy
• -immunize with tumor Ags, DNA vaccine, DCs

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??? 13-4 Tumor vaccine
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??? 13-5 Manipulation of DC to use as tumor
vaccine