Come scrivere un lavoro scientifico

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Come scrivere un lavoro scientifico

• Mario Cazzola
• Clinica Ematologica, Università degli Studi di
  Pavia e Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo

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International Committee of Medical Journal
Editors (ICMJE) http//www.icmje.org/
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Pensare a come scrivere un lavoro scientifico
quando lo si concepisce e si fanno gli
esperimenti o si esegue lo studio
Abstract Background and Objectives Design and
Methods Results Interpretation and
conclusions
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The Mulford Library at the Medical College of
Ohio maintains a useful compendium of
instructions to authors (http//mulford.mco.edu/in
str/)
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The ASSERT statement is the articulation of A
Standard for the Scientific and Ethical Review of
Trials. It proposes a structured approach whereby
research ethics committees review proposals for,
and monitor the conduct of, randomized controlled
clinical trials (http//www.assert-statement.org/)

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The CONSORT statement is an important research
tool that takes an evidence-based approach to
improve the quality of reports of randomized
trials (http//www.consort-statement.org/)
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COPE was founded in 1997 to address breaches of
research and publication ethics. A voluntary body
providing a discussion forum and advice for
scientific editors, it aims to find practical
ways of dealing with the issues, and to develop
good practice.We thought it essential to attempt
to define best practice in the ethics of
scientific publishing. These guidelines should be
useful for authors, editors, editorial board
members, readers, owners of journals, and
publishers (http//www.publicationethics.org.uk/gu
idelines)
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II. Ethical Considerations in the Conduct and
Reporting of Research - II.A Authorship and
Contributorship II.A.1. Byline Authors An
author is generally considered to be someone
who has made substantive intellectual
contributions to a published study, and
biomedical authorship continues to have important
academic, social, and financial implications. (1)
In the past, readers were rarely provided with
information about contributions to studies from
those listed as authors and in acknowledgments.
(2) Some journals now request and publish
information about the contributions of each
person named as having participated in a
submitted study, at least for original research.
Editors are strongly encouraged to develop and
implement a contributorship policy, as well as a
policy on identifying who is responsible for the
integrity of the work as a whole.
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• II. Ethical Considerations in the Conduct and
  Reporting of Research - II.A Authorship and
  Contributorship
• Authorship credit should be based on.
• substantial contributions to conception and
  design, or acquisition of data, or analysis and
  interpretation of data
• drafting the article or revising it critically
  for important intellectual content and
• final approval of the version to be published.
• Authors should meet conditions 1, 2, and 3.

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Blood, 1 May 2006, Vol. 107, No. 9, pp.
3676-3682.Prepublished online as a Blood First
Edition Paper on December 22, 2005 DOI
10.1182/blood-2005-09-3826. Relation between JAK2
(V617F) mutation status, granulocyte activation,
and constitutive mobilization of CD34 cells into
peripheral blood in myeloproliferative
disorders Francesco Passamonti, Elisa Rumi,
Daniela Pietra, Matteo G. Della Porta, Emanuela
Boveri, Cristiana Pascutto, Laura Vanelli, Luca
Arcaini, Sara Burcheri, Luca Malcovati, Mario
Lazzarino, and Mario Cazzola M.C. and F.P.
conceived the study, acquired and analyzed the
data, and wrote the paper E.R., L.A., S.B., and
M.L. acquired clinical data D.P. performed JAK2
mutation analysis M.D.P. and L.V. did flow
cytometry studies E.B. performed histologic
investigations and C.P. and L.M. did statistical
analyses
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Peer Review Crude and understudied but
indispensable
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Conflicts of Interest 1. Potential Conflicts of
Interest Related to Individual Authors'
Commitments 2. Potential Conflicts of Interest
Related to Project Support 3. Potential Conflicts
of Interest Related to Commitments of Editors,
Journal Staff, or Reviewers
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Protection of Human Subjects and Animals in
Research When reporting experiments on human
subjects, authors should indicate whether the
procedures followed were in accordance with the
ethical standards of the responsible committee on
human experimentation (institutional and
national) and with the Helsinki Declaration of
1975, as revised in 2000 (5). If doubt exists
whether the research was conducted in accordance
with the Helsinki Declaration, the authors must
explain the rationale for their approach, and
demonstrate that the institutional review body
explicitly approved the doubtful aspects of the
study. When reporting experiments on animals,
authors should be asked to indicate whether the
institutional and national guide for the care and
use of laboratory animals was followed.
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• Overlapping publications
• 1.Duplicate Submission
• 2.Redundant Publication
• 3.Acceptable Secondary Publication
• 4.Competing Manuscripts based on the Same Study
• Differences in Analysis or Interpretation
• Differences in Reported Methods or Results
• 5.Competing Manuscripts Based on the Same Database