Glycolysis

1
Glycolysis

• Major fuel of most organisms.
• Oxidation of glucose to CO2 and H2O has a
  standard free energy change of
  2,840kJ/mol.
• When needed glucose is quickly released from
  glycogen to meet demand.
• Glucose can provide multitude of metabolic
  intermediates for biosynthetic reactions.

2
Fates of glucose
3
Glycolysis has two phases
4
(No Transcript)
5
(No Transcript)
6
Fates of pyruvate
7
Importance of phosphorylated intermediates.

• Phosphorylated intermediates are charged at pH 7
  and therefore, can not diffuse out of the cell.
• Phosphorylation is a a form of conservation of
  metabolic energy through the phosphate bond
  (Intermediates can donate phosphate back to ADP
  to form ATP).
• Energy derived from binding the phosphate group
  to the active site helps to lower the activation
  energy for the reaction.

8
Preparatory phase
9
Glucose 6-phosphate to Fructose 6-phosphate.
10
Fructose 6-phosphate to Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate.
11
Cleavage of Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate.
12
Interconversion of the Triose phosphates.
13
Fate of the carbon atoms of glucose.
14
(No Transcript)
15
Payoff Phase
16
(No Transcript)
17
Phosphoryl transfer from 1,3-biphosphoglycerate
to ADP.
18
3-phosphoglycerate to 2-phosphoglycerate.
19
(No Transcript)
20
2-phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate.
21
Transfer of phosphoryl group to ADP.
22
Overall balance sheet.

• Glucose 2NAD 2ADP Pi
• 2 pyruvate 2NADH 2H 2ATP 2H2O
• Overall DGo of the glycolysis
• DGo1 DGo2 -146kJ/mol 61 kJ/mol
  -85kJ/mol.

23
(No Transcript)