Obesity Trends Among U'S' Adults BRFSS, 1985

1
Obesity Trends Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1985
(BMI 30, or 30 lbs overweight for 5 4 woman)
2
Obesity Trends Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1986
(BMI 30, or 30 lbs overweight for 5 4 woman)
3
Obesity Trends Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1987
(BMI 30, or 30 lbs overweight for 5 4 woman)
4
Obesity Trends Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1988
(BMI 30, or 30 lbs overweight for 5 4 woman)
5
Obesity Trends Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1989
(BMI 30, or 30 lbs overweight for 5 4 woman)
6
Obesity Trends Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1990
(BMI 30, or 30 lbs overweight for 5 4 woman)
7
Obesity Trends Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1991
(BMI 30, or 30 lbs overweight for 5 4 woman)
8
Obesity Trends Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1992
(BMI 30, or 30 lbs overweight for 5 4 woman)
9
Obesity Trends Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1993
(BMI 30, or 30 lbs overweight for 5 4 woman)
10
Obesity Trends Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1994
(BMI 30, or 30 lbs overweight for 5 4 woman)
11
Obesity Trends Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1995
(BMI 30, or 30 lbs overweight for 5 4 woman)
12
Obesity Trends Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1996
(BMI 30, or 30 lbs overweight for 5 4 woman)
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Obesity Trends Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1997
(BMI 30, or 30 lbs overweight for 5 4 woman)
14
Obesity Trends Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1998
(BMI 30, or 30 lbs overweight for 5 4 woman)
15
Obesity Trends Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1999
(BMI 30, or 30 lbs overweight for 5 4 woman)
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Obesity Trends Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 2000
(BMI 30, or 30 lbs overweight for 5 4 woman)
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Obesity Trends Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 2001
(BMI 30, or 30 lbs overweight for 5 4 woman)
No Data lt10 1014
1519 2024 25
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Obesity Trends Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 2002
(BMI 30, or 30 lbs overweight for 5 4 woman)
(BMI ?30, or 30 lbs overweight for 54 person)
No Data lt10 1014
1519 2024 25
Source Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance
System, CDC
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Obesity Trends Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 2003
(BMI 30, or 30 lbs overweight for 5 4
person)
No Data lt10 1014
1519 2024 25
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History of Weight Control
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History of Weight Control
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History of Weight Control
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Percent of adults who are overweight or obese
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Percent of adults who are overweight or obese
65
2/3 of adults are overweight or obese
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Excess Body Weight and Reduction of Lifespan
-3.1
-3.3
-5.8
-7.1
Ann Intern Med. 200313824-32
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Diabetes Among Adults in the U.S.,BRFSS 1990
Source Mokdad et al., Diabetes Care
2000231278-83.
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Diabetes Among Adults in the U.S.,BRFSS 1991-92
Source Mokdad et al., Diabetes Care
2000231278-83.
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Diabetes Among Adults in the U.S.,BRFSS 1993-94
Source Mokdad et al., Diabetes Care
2000231278-83.
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Diabetes Among Adults in the U.S.,BRFSS 1995-96
Source Mokdad et al., Diabetes Care
2000231278-83.
31
Diabetes Among Adults in the U.S.,BRFSS 1995
Source Mokdad et al., Diabetes Care
2000231278-83.
32
Diabetes Among Adults in the U.S.,BRFSS 1997-98
Source Mokdad et al., Diabetes Care
2000231278-83.
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Diabetes Among Adults in the U.S.,BRFSS 1999
Source Mokdad et al., Diabetes Care 200124412.
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Diabetes Among Adults in the U.S.,BRFSS 2000
Source Mokdad et al., J Am Med Assoc 200128610.
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Diabetes Among Adults in the U.S.,BRFSS 2001
Source Mokdad et al., J Am Med Assoc 200128610.
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Lifetime Risk of Diabetes for Children Born in
2000
Venkat Narayan, JAMA 20032901884
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Diabetes and Reduction in Lifespan
-14.3 yrs
-11.6 yrs
JAMA 20032901884-1890
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Life Expectancy in the U.S.
2-5 year decline in life expectancy
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Lifetime Risk for Chronic Diseases
NCI Canada, 2.0 Lancet 199935389
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How People Died in 2003
Cancer 24
Accidents Suicide Infections Kidney failure Lung
failure Others 40
Cardiovascular Disease 36
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How People Died in 2003
CVD
Cancer
Other
Up to 70 of all causes of death are lifestyle
related and preventable
The Culprit and The Cure, 2005
43
National prevalence of lifestyle related health
risks
CDC, BRFSS, 2002
44
Percent of Selected Chronic Diseases That Are
Likely Avoidable
91
82
71
70
Sources Stampfer, 2000 Platz, 2000 Hu, 2001
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How did we get this way?
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5-a-day 1 million
Food Marketing 25 Billion
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Advertising
54
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Type of Fat and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease
CVD risk
Hu, New Eng J Med1997
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• 347,877 lives

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Lung cancer and vegetable intake
Relative risk
Vegetable intake grams/day
Am Inst for Cancer Research, 1997
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Stomach cancer and vegetable intake
Relative risk
Vegetable intake grams/day
Am Inst for Cancer Research, 1997
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Stomach cancer and fruit intake
Relative risk
Fruit intake grams/day
Am Inst for Cancer Research, 1997
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Unpaired Electrons
68

• Free radicals can
• Disrupt or destroy cells
• Damage DNA, lipid membranes, mitochondria, and
  proteins
• Disrupt vital functions

69
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• DNA in each cell gets a hit from a free radical
  every 10 seconds
• Each cell gets 10,000 hits/day

71
Cancer deaths by age, in 2001
80 of all cancers occur after age 55
72
Where do free radicals come from?

• Most are produced by our own bodies
• UV light
• burned food
• toxic chemicals
• Industrial
• automobile pollution
• unknown sources

73
Cigarette Smoke

• One puff of smoke contains
• 100,000,000,000,000,000
• free radical species
• Tobacco is responsible for 31 of all cancers

74
Cancer death and smoking
Relative risk
Number of cigarettes/day
75
If you are a smoker
-14.5 yrs
-13.2 yrs
MMWR 199746444-51
76
How do we protect our selves?
77
Phytochemicals

• Carotenoids
• Beta-carotene
• Lycopene
• Lutein
• Zeaxanthin
• Organosulfurs
• Flavinoids

• Phytosterols
• Alkaloids
• Tannins
• Saponins
• 100,000 more we have yet to identify

78
Our Current (Western) Lifestyle

• Little Physical Activity
• Red meat
• Processed meat
• Butter
• Potatoes
• Refined grains
• High fat dairy foods

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Adopt and Maintain A Healthy Lifestyle

• Learn Why lifestyle is important
• Learn What a healthy lifestyle is
• Learn How to maintain good behaviors for life

81
Difference in Years of Life Between High and Low
Health Risk
Frazier, Arch Intern Med. 20011611645
82
Low vs High Health Risks and Life Expectancy
(cumulative)
Age
Frazier et al,Arch Intern Med. 20011611645
83
Real and Possible Changes in Life Span (7th Day
Adventists)
?
?
Fraser et al. Arch Intern Med, 20011611645-1652
84
Real and Possible Changes in Life Span (Mormon
High Priests and wives)
?
?
Mormon High Priests and Wives, Enstrom, UCLA, 1989
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What Can I Expect if I Reduce My Health Risks?
10 to 20 years of extended, high-quality living
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Compression of Morbidity
Morbidity
Lifespan in years
76
0
Chronic disability
Ann Intern Med, 2003139455-459
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Compression of Morbidity
Morbidity
Lifespan in years
0
?
76
86
Chronic disability
89
Reductions of Near Death Morbidity
Morbidity
Lifespan in years
Morbidity
Lifespan in years
90
With a Healthy Lifestyle

• Life span can increase
• Chronic disability can be delayed from 7-12 years
• The amount of near death morbidity is reduced by
  75
• Health care costs are also dramatically reduced

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Randomized Results
www.culpritandcure.com
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Wall Thickening with a Western Lifestyle
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Spontaneous or inherited mutation
Abnormal cell
Normal cell
Repair
Carcinogen
Tumor
Metastasis
Cell proliferation
99
Spontaneous or inherited mutation
Abnormal cell
Normal cell
Repair
Activated carcinogen
Tumor
Metastasis
Cell proliferation
100
Risk of death by body weight and activity
Risk of CVD/cancer death
Hu, NEJM 20043522694
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Risk of dementia (Alzheimers) by risk factors
(high blood pressure, cholesterol, smoking, or
diabetes)
Risk of dementia
Neurology, 2005,64277-281
102
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105
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Percentage of All Trips Made From Home by
Walking, 1977 - 1995
1
0
107
Modal Travel in Urban Areas Europe and North
America Percent of Trips by Mode
Transportation Quarterly 1997 51-31
108
CHIP 6 week data
109
BMI
110
Systolic Blood Pressure Reductions mm/Hg
111
Diastolic Blood Pressure Reductions mm/Hg
112
Total Cholesterol Reductions mg/dl
113
HDL Cholesterol Reductions mg/dl
114
LDL Cholesterol Reductions mg/dl
115
Triglyceride Changes mg/dl
116
Glucose Reductions mg/dl