Tools for ESL Lesson Plans

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Tools for ESL Lesson Plans

• By Terry Skiles

11/02/06
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Introduction

• This presentation reviews tools and resources
  available to assist the teacher of middle school
  ESL classrooms with lesson planning. In 2000 the
  U.S. Census Bureau reported that 28.4 million
  U.S. residents were foreign born. That number
  has expanded to over 30 million at this time
  creating a growing need for effective ESL
  classrooms and teachers in todays school system.

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Overview

• A brief introduction and explanation of the SIOP
  Model
• An introduction and explanation of an alternate
  model, the CALLA Model
• A summary of useful websites for teachers with
  tools and resources for ESL lesson planning

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The SIOP Model

• Sheltered Instruction Observation Protocol (SIOP)
• Developed to make content area instruction more
  comprehensible in the ELL classroom
• Resulting from the work of Jana Echevarria, Mary
  Ellen Vogt and Deborah J. Short

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Elements of the SIOP Model

• Preparation
• Clearly defined content objectives
• Clearly defined language objectives
• Supplementary materials used
• Adaptation of content according to student
  proficiency
• Meaningful activities that integrate concepts

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Elements of the SIOP Model

• Instruction
• Building Background
• Linking concepts to students background
• Linking past learning to new concepts
• Key vocabulary emphasized
• Comprehensible
• Speech appropriate for proficiency level
• Explanation of academic tasks
• A variety of techniques (modeling, hands on, etc.)

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Elements of the SIOP Model

• Strategies
• Opportunities for use of different strategies
• Scaffolding techniques used throughout the lesson
• A variety of question types (literal, analytical,
  etc.)
• Interaction
• Frequent interaction between teacher and student
• Grouping configurations to support language and
  content objectives
• Consistent wait time for student response
• Opportunities to clarify key points in the
  students native language

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Elements of the SIOP Model

• Practice/Application
• Hands-on materials or manipulatives for
  practicing new content
• Activities to apply content and language
  knowledge
• Activities using all language skills (writing,
  listening, speaking, reading, etc.)
• Lesson Delivery
• Content and language objectives must be supported
  by lesson delivery
• Students must be engaged almost 100 of the time
• Pacing appropriate to students ability

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Elements of the SIOP Model

• Review and Assessment
• Comprehensive review of key vocabulary
• Comprehensive review of key content concepts
• Regular feedback to students on their output
• Conducting assessment of student comprehension
  and learning of all lesson objectives (spot
  checking, group response, etc.)

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The CALLA Model

• Cognitive Academic Language Learning Approach
  (CALLA)
• Involves integrating learning strategies into a
  lesson
• An alternative, less detailed lesson planning
  approach than SIOP
• Developed by Anna Uhl Chamot and J. Michael
  OMalley

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Elements of the CALLA Model
ITEMS TO BE DEFINED PRIOR TO PLANNING

• Subject
• ESL Level
• Topic
• Grade(s)

• Content Objectives
• Language Objectives
• Learning Strategies
• Materials

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Elements of the CALLA Model

• Preparation
• Reviewing what students already know about
  learning strategies
• Review and assess what is a students normal
  approach or strategy for a given task

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Elements of the CALLA Model

• Presentation
• Choose strategies appropriate for the task
• Present the language task
• Discuss strategies mentioning them by name
• Model Strategies
• Model strategies through thinking aloud during
  tasks
• Discuss the value of strategies used

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Elements of the CALLA Model

• Practice
• Provide opportunities to practice the strategies
  already modeled
• Use groups, pairs, and individual activities to
  think aloud and practice strategies
• Re-emphasize the value of strategies as students
  use them
• Coach the students by prompts focusing on the
  students thought processes

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Elements of the CALLA Model

• Evaluation
• Students must assess their own learning
• Evaluate if strategies were successful
• Emphasize which strategies worked well in certain
  contexts
• Practice language skills by discussing which
  strategies the students find effective

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Elements of the CALLA Model

• Expansion
• Create tasks to encourage students to apply what
  they have learned to new situations
• Encourage students to consciously re-use
  strategies with language tasks and content area
  learning

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Useful Websites

• EverythingESL.Net
• http//www.everythingesl.net/inservices/using_siop
  _model_08621.php.php
• Provides an overview and outline of the SIOP
  Model
• Includes related links to many articles and tools
  for content area instruction
• Helpful for teachers who are not familiar with
  the SIOP Model or need tools for content area
  instruction

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Useful Websites

• CAL Center for Applied Linguistics
• http//www.cal.org/siop/
• Provides a historical perspective of the SIOP
  model and current news related to the topic
• Provides shopping links for professional
  development resources
• Includes sample lesson plans for content area
  teaching including science and social studies
• This website is useful for teachers attempting to
  improve their own professional development using
  the SIOP Model

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Useful Websites

• CALLA Cognitive Academic Language Learning
  Approach
• http//jillrobbins.com/catesol/calla.html
• Provides only an outline of the CALLA Model
• Expands on the preparation, presentation,
  practice, evaluation, and expansion in the CALLA
  model
• Useful only to anyone wishing to familiarize
  themselves with the CALLA Model

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Useful Websites

• Education World
• http//www.educationworld.com/foreign_lang/classro
  om/esl.shtml
• Provides links to articles and reviews of
  websites and tools for ESL lesson planning
• Excellent search tool for teacher helps such as
  classroom activities including online activities
• The website is a great tool for teachers in the
  ESL classroom for both professional development
  and classroom tools for teaching

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Useful Websites

• EnglishClub.com
• http//www.englishclub.com/teacher-guide.htm
• Provides both an explanation of and the actual
  guides for warm ups, theme-based lessons and
  skill-based lessons
• Also provides both a historical perspective of
  the ESL classroom and a monthly newsletter for
  the ESL teacher
• The website does the work for the teacher.
  Lesson plans are already created for a plethora
  of content objectives and are categorized so
  teachers can complete a series of lessons

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Print Resources

• Sheltered Content Instruction Teaching English
  Language Learners with Diverse Abilities
• By Jana Echevarria and Anne Graves
• A college level class textbook covering ESL
  classroom instruction based on the SIOP Model
• Useful for professors and students in the
  post-high school classroom

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Print Resources

• The CALLA Handbook
• By Anna Uhl Chamot and J. Michael OMalley
• Introduces and explains the CALLA Model, and
  provides direction for both establishing and
  implementing the model
• This text is useful in conjunction with other
  texts on teaching strategies for the college
  level classroom

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Conclusion

• There is an abundance of web-tools, print
  resources, and online articles to assist the ESL
  teacher with effective lesson planning. Many
  lesson plans are already prepared for the teacher
  to use with little time and effort. The ESL
  teacher needs effective training, but the tools
  seem already in place to produce outstanding
  lesson plans for teaching content to the English
  Language Learner.

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References

• Haynes, J. (2006). SIOP Making Content
  Comprehensible for ELLs. Retrieved October 18,
  2006, from Everything ESL
• Web site http//www.everythingesl.net/inservice
  s/ using_siop_model_08621.php.php
• The SIOP Model of Sheltered Instruction.
  Retrieved October 18, 2006, from CAL Center for
  Applied Linguistics
• Web site http//www.cal.org/siop/

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References

• CALLA Cognitive Academic Language Learning
  Approach Integrating Learning Strategies into a
  Lesson. Retrieved October 18, 2006, from Jill
  Robbins
• Web site http//jillrobbins.com/catesol/calla.h
  tml
• Lesson Planning for the ESL Classroom. Retrieved
  October 18, 2006, from Education World
• Web site http//www.educationworld.com/foreign_
  lang/classroom/esl.shtml
• Using English Club for Teaching in the ESL
  Classroom. Retrieved October 18, 2006 from
  English Club
• Web site http//www.englishclub.com/teacher-gui
  de.htm

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References

• Chamot, Anna Uhl and J. Michael OMalley. The
  CALLA Handbook, United States of America
  Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc., 1994.
• Echevarria, Jana and Anne Graves. Sheltered
  Content Instruction Teaching English Language
  Learners with Diverse Abilities, United States of
  America Pearson Education, Inc., 2003.