CHAPTER FOUR

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CHAPTER FOUR

• POLICE IN SOCIETY HISTORY AND ORGANIZATION

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Early English Society

• Pledge system
• Hue and cry to warn of trouble
• Shires and the shire reeve
• Watch system
• 13th century
• Employed watchmen to protect property
• Justice of the peace

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18th Century

• Effect of industrial revolution
• Metropolitan Police Act
• Sir Robert Peel
• By 1856 every borough and county had own police
  force

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Colonial America

• County sheriff
• West
• Bounty hunters
• Vigilantes

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Early Police Agencies

• 1st in USBoston, followed by NY and Philadelphia
• Characteristics of early police work
• Patrolled on foot
• Corruption and brutality
• Little formal training or supervision

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20th Century

• Developments
• Uniforms
• Telegraph
• Bicycles and motorcycles
• To combat corruption
• Review boards
• Police strikes
• New professionalism

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Modern Era

• 1960s
• Civil unrest
• Growing crime
• Radical Supreme Court decisions
• 1970s
• Changes in police agencies
• Training for officers

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Modern Era (contd)

• 1980s
• Community policing
• Unions
• 1990s
• Brought back foot patrols and community contact
• Corruption issue again

9
Justice Department and FBI

• Whos in charge?
• FBI
• How was it formed?
• J. Edgar Hoover
• Identification center

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Other Federal Agencies

• Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)
• Federal jurisdiction over supply and use of drugs
• Treasury Department
• Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms (ATF)
• Customs
• IRA
• Secret Service

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State Agencies

• State police
• Where did they come from?
• Who was first?
• What do they do?
• County sheriff
• Usually elected
• What does he do?
• Metropolitan police
• Whos the largest?
• Departmental functions

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Future of Law Enforcement

• De-emphasize crime fighting
• Civilian employees
• Decentralized command
• Proactive community problem solving

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Back to the Future

• Information technology
• NCIC
• Computer composites
• DNA testing
• DNA profiling
• NDIS

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Private Security

• Growth before and after 9/11
• Hallcrest report
• Types of private security
• Recommendations

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Review

• What are the pledge system, hue and cry and watch
  system?
• What is a justice of the peace?
• Who is Sir Robert Peel?
• Who was the primary law enforcement agent in
  colonial America?
• What city in the US had the first police
  department?
• What was used in the 20th century to combat
  corruption?

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Review

• What characterized police work in the 60s, 70s,
  80s and 90s?
• Who heads the Justice Department?
• How did the FBI come about?
• What agencies are under the Treasury Department?
• What was the first state police agency?
• What do state police do?

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Review

• What does the county sheriff do?
• Where is the largest metro police department?
• What are some areas of change in the future for
  law enforcement?
• What are the NCIC and the NDIS
• What are the recommendations of the Hallcrest
  report?

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POLICE IN SOCIETY HISTORY ORGANIZATION

• END CHAPTER FOUR