Water

1
Water
2
(No Transcript)
3
Evaporation
4
Condensation
5
Precipitation
6
Transpiration
7
Source of Energy
8
(No Transcript)
9
(No Transcript)
10
Water Budget

• The continuous cycle of evaporation and
  transpiration changing liquid water into water
  vapor-
• Compared to
• Condensation and precipitation changing water
  vapor into liquid water is called the water
  budget.

11
Water Budget

• In Earths water budget, precipitation is the
  income or money coming in.
• Evaporation, transpiration and runoff are the
  expenses or money going out.

12
Balanced Budget

• As a whole, the Earths water budget is balanced.
  
• However, the local water budget is not balanced.
• Someone living in Washington State has a much
  greater water income than we do in Arizona.
• In Arizona water is expensive and precious!

13
What Affects the Budget

• What are 2 factors that affect the water budget?

14
Factors That Affect the Water Budget

• Temperature
• Vegetation
• Wind
• Amount of Rainfall
• Duration of Rainfall

15
Surplus

• When precipitation exceeds evaporation,
  transpiration and runoff the result is moist
  soils and possible flooding.

16
Deficit

• When evaporation and transpiration exceed
  precipitation the soil becomes dry and irrigation
  may be necessary.

17
Vegetation

• Vegetation reduces runoff but increases
  evaporation and transpiration.

18
Wind

• Wind also increases the rate of evaporation and
  transpiration

19
Seasons

• The local water budget also changes with seasons.
• In general, cooler temperature slow the rate of
  evaporation and transpiration.
• During warmer months evaporation and
  transpiration increase.

20
Water Use

• On average each person in the United States uses
  about 95,000 (20,891 gallons) of water each year.
  

21
(No Transcript)
22
Agriculture and Industry

• Not only do individuals require high water usage,
  agriculture and industry require copious amounts
  of water as well.

23
(No Transcript)
24
Population Increase

• The population of the United States is growing by
  about 2.5 million people each year.
• 1.5 million are born in the United States. The
  other 1 million are immigrants.
• As the population of the United States increases,
  so does our demand for water.

25
Wastewater

• About 90 of the water used by cities and
  industry is returned to rivers or to the oceans
  as wastewater.
• Unfortunately, some of this wastewater contains
  harmful toxic chemicals and metals.

26
Conservation

• Although the Earth holds a lot of water, only a
  small percentage of that water is fresh water
  that can be used by humans and other animals.

27
Water Conservation

• How do we insure that we have enough fresh water
  now and in the future.
• Individuals can conserve water by limiting their
  usage.
• Governments can help conserve water by enforcing
  conservation laws and antipollution laws that
  prohibit the dumping of waste water.

28
Alternative Methods

• We can protect the water supply by finding
  alternative methods for obtaining fresh water.
• One such method is desalination. However it is
  expensive and impractical for providing water for
  large populations.

29
Ground Water
30
(No Transcript)
31
Water Chemical Properties

• Two atoms of hydrogen

• One atom of oxygen

32
(No Transcript)
33
(No Transcript)
34
(No Transcript)
35
(No Transcript)
36
(No Transcript)