Fungus

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Fungus!
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Phylum Asomycota

• Sac Fungi produce sexual spores in saclike asci
• Range from unicellular yeasts to minute leaf spot
  fungi
• Bear sexual stages in macroscopic fruiting bodies
  called ascocarps

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Phylum Asomycota (cont.)

• Reproduce asexually
• Producing a great amount of asexual spores which
  are often dispersed by wind
• Spores are on external tips of hyphae called
  conidophores
• They have naked spores- conidia

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Life Cycle of Asomycota
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Life Cycle of Asomycota (cont.)

• 1. Haploid mycelia, male and female, become
  intertwined and create an ascogonium and
  antheridium.
• 2. A cytoplasmic bridge is formed, this causes
  plasmogamy to begin
• The ascogonium (female) receives haploid nuclei
  from the antheridium (male)
• The ascogonium now has a pool of nuclei from both
  parents
• 3. Dikaryotic hyphae are incorporated into an
  ascocarp (the cup of fungus)
• 4. tips of ascocarps are divided into asci

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Life Cycle of Asomycota (cont.)

• 6. 4 haploid nuclei now
• 7. Haploid nuclei divide by mitosis
• 8 nuclei
• Cell walls develop around nucleiascospores
• 8. After maturing, ascospores are dispersed out
  end of the ascus and spores release
• 9. New haploid mycelia form because of
  germinating ascospores
• 10. Airborne spores, conidia, also cause
  reproduction

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Phylum Basidiomycota

• Club fungi have long-lived Dikaryotic mycelia
• Basidium Little pedestal, a transient diploid
  stage
• Club fungus- name of phylum given because of club
  like shape of basidium
• Decomposers of wood and other plant material
• Mycorrhiza-forming mutualists and plant parasites
• Example Mushroom

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Life Cycle
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Life Cycle of Basidiomycota (cont.)

• Plasmogamy
• Dikaryotic mycellium created
• Rain or temp changes induce dikaryotic mycellium
  to make compact masses which develop into
  basidiocarps
• Cytoplasm streaming in from mycellium swells
  hyphae, causes to pop up
• 4. Basidiocarps grills are lined with terminal
  dikaryotic cells, basidia
• 5. Karyogamy
• -diploid nuclei meiosis

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Life Cycle of Basidiomycota (cont.)

• 6. Yields four haploid nuclei
• -basidium grows 4 appendages and 1 haploid
  nucleus in each appendage
• - develops into a basidiospore
• 7. Basidiospores are put into spaces between
  gills, spores drop below cap and are dispersed by
  wind
• 8. Haploid basidiospores germinate and grow into
  haploid mycellia.