16'2 Measuring Matter

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16.2 Measuring
Matter Volume Tools
used
Matter Anything with mass and volume. Def
Amount of space occupied by an object Graduated
Cylinder read at eye level for accuracy Beaker
for estimates only
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You can calculate volume of solids using
formulas Ex. Cube L x W x H Milliliters or mL
Volume cont.
Units
Water Displacement
To find volume of irregular shaped objects
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Mass
Def. Of Mass The amount of matter in an object.
Tool
Triple Beam Balance measures mass
Unit
Grams
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16.3 States of Matter
Atoms and Molecules
Atom
The smallest possible part of an element
The smallest possible part of a compound
Molecule
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States of Matter
Solid, Liquid, Gas
Solids

• Particles very close together.
• Vibrate, but cant switch places.
• Retains its shape and size.

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• Particles slide over each other.
• Particles farther apart.
• Has definite volume, but no definite shape.
• flow to take shape of container.

Liquids
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Gas

• Move rapid and randomly throughout their
  container.
• Particles spaced far apart.
• Has no definite shape or size
• Expand to fill their containers

http//www.chem.purdue.edu/gchelp/liquids/characte
r.html
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Temperature

• Def measurement of the average energy of
  molecules
• can change states of matter

Heating
Increases particle speed and spacing Solid
Liquid
Gas
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Cooling
Decreases particle spacing and speed
Gas Liquid Solid
Melting Point
The temp. at which water changes from solid to
liquid
Boiling Point
The temp. at which water changes from liquid to
gas
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Evaporation
When fast moving molecules in a liquid escape to
become a gas.
Condensation
When gas turns into a liquid.
Sublimation
When a solid turns into a gas. Skipping the
liquid state.
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Plasma

• 4th state of Matter
• rarely found on earth
• matter turns to plasma when heated to very high
  temps. (over 10,000C)
• Sun
• Stars
• Neon signs