Human Genetics

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Human Genetics
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Human Chromosomes

• Autosomes
• All other chromosomes except the sex chromosomes.
  For humans s 1-22
• Sex Chromosomes
• Determine an individuals sex
• Females have 2 X chromsomes (XX)
• Males have 1 X and 1 Y (XY)

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Karyotype

• Photograph of chromosomes organized into their
  homologous pairs
• They are arranged largest to smallest and the sex
  chromosomes are positioned last
• What is the purpose of Karyotypes?

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Male
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Female
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Cri-du-chat syndrome
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Down Syndrome
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Turners
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Kleinfelters Syndrome
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Pedigrees

• Chart that shows how traits have been inherited
  within a family (Like a family tree)
• Pedigree Chart Symbols
• Circle females
• Square male
• Filled in circle or square has the trait
• Blank circle or square does not have the trait

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Figure 14-3 A Pedigree
Section 14-1
A circle represents a female.
A square represents a male.
A horizontal line connecting a male and female
represents a marriage.
A vertical line and a bracket connect the parents
to their children.
A half-shaded circle or square indicates that a
person is a carrier of the trait.
A circle or square that is not shaded indicates
that a person neither expresses the trait nor is
a carrier of the trait.
A completely shaded circle or square indicates
that a person expresses the trait.
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Grandpa
Grandma
1) How many men with hemophilia are there?
5 2) How many women with hemophilia are
there? 3 3) How many men are normal? 4 4)
How many women are normal? 8