Organized and Disorganized Typologies

1
Organized and Disorganized Typologies

• Ginnie Juarez, Jena Kingsley, Jacob Landis
  Jeffery Osborne

2
FBI Model

• Robert K. Ressler
• Ann W. Burgess
• John E. Douglas

3
Crime Scene Differences
4
Profile Characteristics
5
FBI Model

• Objectives
• Data collection
• 1979-1983
• The sample consisted of 36 sexual offenders
• Majority were white (33 of 36)
• Majority grew up in the 1940s and 1950s
• All but seven offenders were convicted of
  multiple homicides
• The offenders were divided into a dichotomy, with
  24 classified as organized and 12 classified as
  disorganized

6
FBI Model

• Victim information
• 118 total victims
• 9 survived
• Majority were women
• Data collection
• Official records
• Interviews

7
FBI Model

• The grouping of the offenders was based largely
  on a combination of experiences and intuition

(Ressler et al., 1988, p. ix)
8
Positive Aspects

• According to Ressler et al. (1988) this was the
  first time the idea of criminal typologies had
  been presented
• It was a good starting point for additional
  research
• Has proved to be applicable

9
Reliability/Validity

• Kocsis, Irwin Hayes (1998)
• Organized/disorganized typology applicable to
  profit-motivated vs. vandalism-motivated arson

10
Negative Aspects

• Methodological/Theoretical
• Sample size
• Sample selection
• Sample categorization
• Corroborating information
• Information gathering

11
Reliability/Validity Continued

• Mixed offender category
• Canter et al. (2004)

12
Canter et al. (2004)
13
What is still needed?

• More empirical research
• Larger sample sizes
• Consistency in data collection

14
References

• Burgess, A. W., Hartman C. R., Ressler, R.,
  Douglas, J. E., McCormack, A. (1986). Sexual
  homicide A motivational model. Journal of
  Interpersonal Violence, 1(3), 251-272.
• Canter, D. V., Alison, L. J., Alison, E.,
  Wentink, N. (2004). The organized/disorganized
  typology of serial murder Myth or model?
  Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 10(3),
  293-320.
• Douglas, J. E., Burgess, A. W., Burgess, A. G.,
  Ressler, R. K. (1992). Crime classification
  manual A standard system for investigating and
  classifying violent crime. New York Simon and
  Schuster.
• Douglas,J. E., Ressler, R. K., Burgess, A. W.,
  Hartman, C. R. (1986). Criminal profiling from
  crime scene analysis. Behavioral Sciences the
  Law, 4(4), 401-421.

15
References

• Jackson, J. L. Bekerian, D. A. (1997). Does
  offender profiling have a role to play? In J. L.
  Jackson D. A. Bekerian (Eds.), Offender
  profiling Theory, research and practice (pp.
  1-7). West Sussex, UK John Wiley Sons Ltd.
• Kocsis, R. N., Irwin, H. J., Hayes, A. F.
  (1998). Organised and disorganised criminal
  behaviour syndromes in arsonists A validation
  study of a psychological profiling concept.
  Psychiatry, Psychology and Law, 5(1), 117-131.
• Ressler, R. K. (1985). Violent crimes. FBI Law
  Enforcement Bulletin, 5(8), 1-33.

16
References

• Ressler, R. K., Burgess, A. W., Douglas, J. E.
  (1988). Sexual homicide Patterns and motives.
  Lexington, MA Lexington Books.
• Ressler, R. K., Burgess, A. W., Douglas, J. E.,
  Hartman, C. R., DAgostino, R. B. (1986).
  Sexual killers and their victims Identifying
  patterns through crime scene analysis. Journal of
  Interpersonal Violence, 1(3), 288-308.
• Ressler, R. K. Shachtman, T. (1992). Whoever
  fights monsters. New York St. Martins Press.