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Gaia An Infrastructure for Active Spaces

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Gaia Information Spaces. Active Space: an abstraction of a ... Gaia: a software infrastructure that implements Active Spaces on devices in a physical space. ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Gaia An Infrastructure for Active Spaces


1
GaiaAn Infrastructure for Active Spaces
Computer Science Department University of Illinois
Prof. Klara Nahrstedt Prof. David Kriegman Prof.
Dennis Mickunas
Prof. Roy H. Campbell Prof. Michael Garland Prof.
Robin Kravets
Funding and contact information can be found at
http//choices.cs.uiuc.edu/gaia http//cairo.cs.ui
uc.edu
2
Motivation
  • People-Centric
  • mobile users in pervasive computing environment
  • many resources, devices per user
  • Ubiquitous computing model for applications.
  • Resource management and infrastructure for
    pervasive computing.
  • Context sensitive adaptation of applications,
    services, and resources.

3
Gaia Information Spaces
  • Active Space an abstraction of a physical or
    virtual space.
  • Physical spaces defined by computing devices
    located in attire, rooms, buildings, cities.
  • Virtual spaces represent mobile user and group
    activities or sessions.
  • Gaia a software infrastructure that implements
    Active Spaces on devices in a physical space.

4
Research
  • Important issues
  • Context
  • Mobility
  • Virtual spaces
  • Generic applications
  • Research scope
  • Ubiquitous Computing
  • Distributed Systems
  • Operating Systems
  • Middleware
  • Quality of Service
  • Multimedia
  • Security

5
Gaia Architecture
Applications
QoS Adaptation Service
Application Framework
QoS Instantiation Service
Configuration Management Service
Context File System
Context Service
Component Repository
Presence Service
Space Repository
Component Management Core
6
Component Management Core
7
Component Management Core
  • Provides functionality to manipulate components
    in Gaia
  • Creation
  • Destruction
  • Uploading
  • Contains three basic abstractions
  • Components
  • Component Containers
  • Nodes

8
Component Management Core
Active Space
Gaia Component Container
Gaia Node
Gaia Node
Gaia Components
Gaia Component Container
Gaia Node Examples
9
Kernel Services
10
Gaia Kernel Services
  • Event Manager
  • Context Service
  • Context File System
  • Component Repository
  • Presence Service
  • Space Repository

11
Event Manager
12
Event Manager
  • Loosely coupled communication based on channels.
  • Supports push, pull, and hybrid mechanisms.
  • Supports creation of named event channels and
    distribution of load.

13
Event Manager
Event Channel Factory 1
Event Channel Factory n
Suppliers
Suppliers
. . .
Event Manager
Event Channels
CreateChannelType DeleteChannelType CreateEventCha
nnel GetEventChannel DeleteEventChannel ListChanne
lTypes ListEventChannels
Consumers
Consumers
14
Context Service
15
Context-Aware Applications
  • Situational information, or context, increases
    richness of communication in human-computer
    interaction.
  • Makes it possible to produce more useful
    computational services.
  • Example contexts location, time, weather, stock
    prices, moods, user activity,

16
Context Service
  • Provides a taxonomy and uniform representation of
    context types.
  • Provides an infrastructure to promote design,
    implementation, and evolution of context-aware
    applications.

17
Context File System
18
Context File System
  • Data Organization
  • Context affects data organization.
  • Data important in current context is easily
    accessible.
  • Can attach context to files and directories.
  • Context situation, location, space, group, time.
  • Data Transformation
  • Applications open data as desired type
    dynamically typed file system.
  • System converts data to desired type.

19
Data Organization
space office location RM2401 time 11/28/01
20
Data Transformation
21
Component Repository
22
Component Repository
  • Provides persistent storage of components.
  • Allows addition, removal, and browsing of
    components.
  • Used by Component Management Core to dynamically
    retrieve components.

23
Presence Service
24
Presence Service
  • Detects the presence of digital and physical
    entities.
  • Generates events based on entity presence
  • ENTER
  • LEAVE
  • Defines a group of event channels to disseminate
    presence information.
  • Maintains soft-state of all digital entities
    through a leasing mechanism.

25
Presence Service
Physical Entity Presence
Person Presence Channel
Person
Application Presence Channel
Person Tracker
Enter Leave Events
Device Presence Channel
Service
Service Presence Channel
Digital Entity Presence
Application
Device
Event Manager Channels
26
Space Repository
27
Space Repository
  • Centralized repository containing information
    about active entities.
  • Interacts with Presence Service to keep
    information up to date.
  • All entities described by a set of properties
    (e.g., entity type, name, location, owner).
  • Exports a query interface based on properties.

28
Space Repository
Presence Channels
Component
Detection Mechanism
Component
Query Interface
Database
Component
29
Gaia QoS Services
30
Gaia QoS Services
  • Represents an overlay distributed system running
    on top of Gaia kernel.
  • Provides resource management for QoS-sensitive
    applications.
  • Dynamically adapts applications based on QoS
    constraints and determines appropriate nodes for
    service instantiation.
  • Translates high-level application QoS
    requirements into system requirements.

31
Gaia QoS Services
  • Resource Management Service
  • Configuration Management Service
  • QoS Translation Service
  • QoS Instantiation Service
  • QoS Adaptation Service

32
Resource Management Service
33
Resource Management Service
  • Delivers soft real-time guarantees to multimedia
    applications in general-purpose, dynamic hardware
    environment.
  • Monitors the current availability of system
    resources in the distributed machines in an
    Active Space.
  • Allows the Active Space administrator to monitor
    the spaces resource availability via
    user-friendly GUIs.
  • Provides APIs which can be used to query the
    current resource availability.

34
Resource Management Service
Multimedia Applications
reserve
schedule
notify
adapt
DSRT CPU Scheduler
Memory Management
QualMan
Power Management
Network Management
monitor
adapt
OS
Hardware Resources
35
Configuration Management Service
36
Configuration Management Service
  • Selects the most suitable application-specific
    configuration to be instantiated in an active
    space, based on
  • compiled information
  • location discovery
  • resource availability
  • Finds the best host to instantiate a service
    component,
  • based on different discovery algorithms.
  • Finds the possible instances of required service
  • components in the configuration.

37
Configuration Management Service
Configuration Repository
Application-specific QoS-aware Configuration
Selection Service
Executor
application request QoS level /most
suitable configuration
application request QoS level /all
possible configurations
Service Discovery Service
Resource Monitoring Service
38
QoS Translation Service
39
QoS Translation Service
  • Associates QoS-aware application graph with
    high-level application QoS requirements.
  • Translates association into system resource
    requirements.

40
QoS Translation Service
Space Repository
Application/ middleware association
System resource requirement translation
Gaia node
Available QoS-oriented Middleware services
41
QoS Instantiation Service
42
QoS Instantiation Service
  • Instantiates an application-specific
    configuration into the Active Space.

43
QoS Instantiation Service
Component repository
Executor
QoS-aware Configuration Instantiation Service
application-specific configuration/ success or
failure
optional dynamic downloading
create component(s)
Gaia Node 1
Gaia Node 2
Gaia Node 3
Application component container
DSRT
Network management
Network management
DSRT
Middleware component container
44
QoS Adaptation Service
45
QoS Adaptation Service
  • Controls and manages the QoS adaptations within
    the same configuration.
  • Controls and manages the available configurations
    of an application in the Active Space.

46
QoS Adaptation Service
Configuration Repository
Application-specific adaptation policy
If CPU over runs then drop frame rate If
machine shuts down then switch machine If
machine client moves then switch
configuration
DSRT
DSRT
QoS_degrade() QoS_upgrade() Switch()
Resource-specific monitoring services
events
Resource Monitoring Service
register
QoS Adaptation Service
register
Presence Service
events
47
Application Framework
48
Application Framework
  • Active Spaces render traditional applications
    obsolete.
  • Applications for Active Spaces are
  • Distributed
  • Adaptable
  • Mobile
  • Multi-Machine User Interface

49
Traditional Application Mapping
Application Logic
Display
Controller
50
Active Space Application Mapping
51
Model Presentation Controller Coordinator
Application Framework
Model
Controllers
Presentations
Slide Show Data
Application Functional Level
Application Meta-Level
Coordinator
MPCC Application
52
MPCC Application Framework
  • Model encapsulates the application logic.
  • Presentation presents the data of the model
    (audio, video, changes in the physical
    environment).
  • Controller modifies the state of the model.
  • Coordinator manages the application
    architecture (application meta-level).

53
Applications
54
Applications
  • Mobile Video
  • Context Data Browser
  • Presentation Viewer

55
Mobile Video
Move!
Location A
Location B
Media Gateway
Media Server
Component Database
User Profile Server
56
Context Data Browser
Context Mode
File Mode
57
Presentation Viewer
58
Thank You!
http//choices.cs.uiuc.edu/gaia http//cairo.cs.ui
uc.edu
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