Summary of Tenses

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Summary of Tenses
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• There are nine indicative tenses
• present habla he speaks
• preterit habló he spoke
• imperfect hablaba he was speaking
• future hablará he will speak
• conditional hablaría he would speak
• present perfect ha hablado he has spoken
• past perfect había hablado he had spoken
• future perfect habrá hablado he will have
  spoken
• conditional perf. habría hablado he would
  have spoken

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• Theres a trick to keeping the perfect tenses
  straight. First of all, of course, all four have
  the past participle (hablado, comido, vivido).
  Then . . .
• The PRESENT perfect is the The PAST perfect
  is the
• PRESENT of haber (which is PAST
  (imperfect) tense of
• irregular) past participle haber
  past participle
• he hemos había habíamos
• has habéis hablado habías habíais
  hablado
• ha han había habían
• The FUTURE perfect is the FUTURE The CONDITIONAL
  perfect is the
• of haber past participle CONDITIONAL of
  haber past part.
• habré habremos habría habríamos
• habrás habréis hablado
  habrías habríais hablado
• habrá habrán habría habrían

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• Also remember that, in English . . .
• future will conditional would
• perfect have, has, or had
• Therefore,
• future perfect will have
• conditional perfect would have

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• Click here to go to a brief practice exercise.

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• On the next page youll find a summary of ALL
  indicative AND subjunctive tenses.

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• Indicative Translation of Subjunctive
• both ind.
  subj.
• present habla he speaks hable
• preterit habló he spoke
• imperfect hablaba he was speaking
  hablara
• future hablará he will speak
• conditional hablaría he would speak
• pres.perf. ha hablado he has spoken haya
  hablado
• pluperf. había hablado he had spoken
  hubiera hablado
• future perf. habrá hablado he will have spoken
• cond. perf. habría hablado he would have spoken
• Because there is no preterit subjunctive, the
  imperfect subjunctive serves as the only past
  tense in the subjunctive and can translate as the
  imperfect does AND as the preterit does.

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• Click here to go to a brief practice exercise.