GREAT BRITAIN THE IMPACT OF THE PAST

1
GREAT BRITAIN THE IMPACT OF THE PAST
Mr. Kuzmich 2009 AP Comparative Government
2
Great Britain Impact of the Past
3
(No Transcript)
4
Ancient Peoples

• Celts Britons, Cymeric, Gaels
• Romans - Britannia
• Germans Angles, Saxons Jutes became the
  English
• Danish Vikings
• Normans last successful invasion of the
  British Isles by William the Conqueror.

5
Celts

• Pushed to the Celtic fringe in Scotland, Wales
  and Ireland.

6
(No Transcript)
7
Norman Conquest of England

• Bayeux Tapestry depicts the Battle of Hastings by
  William the Conqueror.

8
(No Transcript)
9
Norman Contributions

• Noble Class
• Fiefdoms lands granted by a king to nobles in
  exchange for support, usually, military service.
• Administration Domesday Book first census
• Exchequer treasury minister
• French language enriched the English

10
Feudal Lords and Nobles
11
(No Transcript)
12
Magna Carta

• 1215 at Runnymede
• Nobles forced King John to sign
• Limiting monarchs powers and staying within the
  law.

13
Rise of Parliament

• House of Commons lower house formed by knights
  and burghers
• Speaker representative to the king
• House of Lords upper house formed by those of
  noble rank and top churchmen

14
Henry VIII 1491 (1509-1547)

• A true Renaissance Man
• Fluent in Latin, French and Spanish
• Accomplished musician, author and poet
• Athletic jousting, hunting and tennis
• Devout Christian

15
King Henry VIII

• His older brother died in 1502.
• Became King when his father passed away.
• He married his brothers widow, Catherine of
  Aragon.

16
The Six Wives of Henry VIII

• The fates of Henry's wives is "divorced,
  beheaded, died, divorced, beheaded, survived".
• Catherine of Aragon bore
  Princess Mary of England, later to be
  named Mary I.

17
Parliaments Power Progresses

• Henry wanted a divorce
• Pope and the Vatican would not grant one
• Called Parliament to break away from the Catholic
  Church
• Formed the Anglican Church
• Granted a divorce in 1533

18
Anne Boleyn Wife 2

• Sister of one of Henrys mistresses
• Bore Henry another daughter, Elizabeth, the
  future Elizabeth I
• Executed on false charges of adultery, incest and
  treason along with her brother

19
Jane Seymour Wife 3

• Engaged one day after Boleyns execution
• Bore Henry a son, Edward, the future Edward VI
• Died 12 days later after a difficult pregnancy

20
Anne of Cleves Wife 4

• Henry VIII was shown this portrait and agreed to
  marry Anne
• When he met her, he said she looked like a
  Flanders mare
• Almost immediately divorced, but the arranger was
  executed

21
Catherine Howard Wife 5

• Cousin of Anne Boleyn
• Almost immediately started having affairs as she
  was 30 years his junior
• Executed in less than two years for adultery

22
Catherine Parr The Grand Finale

• Survived Henry VIII
• Reconciled Henry and his daughters, who became
  successors, though still illegitimate
• Henry VIIIs regime responsible for 72,000
  executions

23
Henrys Successors

• Edward VI King of England and Ireland from age
  9 to 15.
• 1st Protestant king
• Who is Queen Jane?
• Mary I, or commonly known as Bloody Mary
• Catholic queen for five years

24
Elizabeth I 1558 -1603

• Return to Protestantism
• Supported anticlerical forces
• Secularized society
• Defeated the Spanish armada
• What was her nickname?
• No heirs! The last of the Tudors

25
STUART DYNASTY 1603 - 1714

• James I
• Charles I
• Commonwealth Brief Republic
• Charles II
• James II
• Mary and William

26
James I 1603 - 1625

• United Scotland and England, but still separate
  countries
• Absolutist
• Tried to impose taxes without the consent of
  Parliament
• Puritans emigrated

27
Charles I 1625 - 1649

• Absolutist
• Took England into wars with France and Spain so
  he needed money
• Civil War broke out in England 1642-1648
• Royalists vs. Parliamentarians
• Captured, tried by Parliament, and beheaded!

28
Commonwealth 1649-1660

• No king to rule
• England became a republic
• Oliver Cromwell Lord Protector
• ie. military dictator
• Turbulent and unstable

29
Charles II 1660 - 1685

• Parliament invited the son of the beheaded king
  to return from Dutch exile.
• 1673 Declaration of Indulgence

30
James II 1685 - 1688

• Brother of Charles II
• Openly Catholic
• Declaration of Indulgence
• Parliament fired the King!
• (Let him escape)

31
Mary and William 1688 - 1702

• Invited to be King and Queen
• 1688 - Glorious Revolution
• 1689 Bill of Rights
• Parliaments relationship to the Crown
• No taxes without Parliaments consent
• Right to petition the monarch
• Parliament was now supreme

32
Queen Anne 1702 1714

• 1707 Act of Union - Scotland and England become
  a single state.
• 1714 Anne dies and the Stuart Dynasty ends as
  there are no patrilineal descendants.
• House of Hanover Dynasty begins and remains to
  this day.

33
PRIME MINISTER

• Sir Robert Walpole 1721-1742
• Cabinet developed nearly into its present form
• William Pitt the Younger
• 1783 - 1801 and 1804 - 1806
• Restored the cabinet and prime minister so that
  the position was responsible to the Parliament
  and not the King
• Prime Minister became the focus of political
  power in Britain.

34
Democratization of Parliament

• Party Politics
• Whigs Liberal Party
• Tories Conservative Party
• Reform Acts
• 1832 more middle class
• 1867
• 1884 farm workers
• 1918 Womens suffrage

35
Welfare State

• Labour Party
• 1926 General Strike
• 1945 Labour Party won majority
• Prime Minister Clement Attlee
• Britain becomes a modern welfare state

36
UNION JACK
37
Population Density