The IFC, The IBC and E Occupancies

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The IFC, The IBCand E Occupancies
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International Fire Code Intent

• The purpose of this code is to establish the
  minimum requirements consistent with nationally
  recognized good practice for providing a
  reasonable level of life safety and property
  protection from the hazards of fire, explosion or
  dangerous conditions in new and existing
  buildings, structures and premises and to provide
  safety to fire fighters and emergency responders
  during emergency conditions.

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International Building Code Intent

• The purpose of this code is to establish the
  minimum requirements to safeguard the public
  health, safety and general welfare through
  structural strength, means of egress
  facilitiesand safety to life and property from
  fire and other hazards attributed to the built
  environment and to provide safety to fire
  fighters and emergency responders during
  emergency operations.

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Chapter One

• Administrative

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IFC Section 106 Inspections

• 106.3 Concealed work. Whenever any installation
  subject to inspections prior to use is covered or
  concealed without having first been inspected,
  the fire code official shall have the authority
  to require that such work be exposed for
  inspection.

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IBC Section 109 Inspections

• To be accessible and exposed until approved
• - Footings and Foundations
• - Concrete slab and underfloor areas
• - Lowest floor elevations (flood zones)
• - Framing
• - Lath and gypsum board inspections

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IBC Inspections Continued

• - Fire-resistive penetrations
• - Energy efficiency inspections
• - Other inspections required by building
  official.
• - Special Inspections
• - Final Inspection

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IFC Section 107 Maintenance

• Whenever or wherever any device, equipment,
  system, condition, arrangement, level of
  protection, or any other feature is required for
  compliance with the provisions of this code, or
  otherwise installed, such deviceshall thereafter
  by continuously maintained in accordance with
  this code and applicable referenced standards.

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Maintenance Contd

• Testing and operation of equipment
• Test and inspection records
• Re-inspection and testing
• Supervision
• Rendering equipment inoperable.
• Owner/occupant responsibility
• Overcrowding

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Chapter 3

• General Fire Precautions
• Use Occupancy Classification

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IFC Section 304Combustible Waste Material

• - Not allowed to accumulate in buildings or upon
  the premises. Includes spaces underneath
  grandstands and bleacher seats.
• - Storage not to create a nuisance or hazard.
• - Oily rags to be stored in listed, disposal
  container with tight fitting lid and contents
  disposed of daily.

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IFC Section 3 Contd

• Dumpsters and containers with an individual
  capacity of 1.5 cubic yard or more shall not be
  stored in buildings or placed within 5 feet of
  combustible walls, openings or combustible roof
  eave lines.

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IFC Section 308Open Burning Recreational Fires

• General A person shall not kindle or maintain
  or authorize to be kindled or maintained any open
  burning unless conducted and approved in
  accordance with this section.
• Permit required.
• Authorization from Division of Air Quality
• Location-not less than 50 feet from any structure.

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IFC Section 308 Open Flames

• A person shall not utilize or allow to be
  utilized, an open flame in connection with a
  public meeting or gathering for purposes of
  deliberation, worship, entertainment, amusement,
  instruction, education, recreation, without fire
  obtaining a permit.
• Candles shall not be located on or near
  combustible materials

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Section 313 Fueled Equipment

• Fueled equipment including but not limited to
  lawn-care equipment shall not be stored,
  operated or repaired within a building.
• Exception A building or room constructed
  for such use in accordance with the IBC.
• - 313.1.1 Authorizes the fire code official to
  require removal of fueled equipment from
  locations deemed hazardous.

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IFC Section 314 Indoor Displays

• Displays of highly combustible goods, including
  but not limited toagricultural goods, are
  prohibited in main exit access aisles, corridors
  or within 5 feet of entrances to exits and
  exterior exit doors when a fire involving such
  goods would rapidly prevent or obstruct egress.

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Indoor Displays Contd

• Vehicles
• 1. Disconnect battery
• 2. ¼ tank of fuel or 5 gallons, which ever
  is less.
• 3. Fuel tanks and fill openings are closed
  and sealed to prevent tampering.
• 4. Vehicles are not fueled or de-fueled
  within the building.

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IFC Section 315 MiscellaneousCombustible
Materials Storage

• Storage in buildings shall be orderly. Storage
  shall be separated from heat sources.
• Clearance from ceilings, 18 inches in sprinklered
  buildings, 24 inches in non-sprinklered
  buildings.
• No storage in means of egress, exits or exit
  enclosures.
• No storage in boiler rooms, electrical or
  mechanical equipment rooms.

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Incidental and AccessoryUse Areas

• Areas or spaces that are subordinate and
  secondary to the structures primary function.
• Limited in size
• May or may not require separation

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(No Transcript)
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IBC Section 302.1.1.1Separation

• Where Table 302.1.1 permits an automatic
  fire-extinguishing system without a fire barrier,
  the incidental use area shall be separated by
  construction capable of resisting the passage of
  smoke.

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Chapter 4

• Emergency Planning
• Special Detailed Requirements Based on Use

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IFC Section 404Fire Safety and Evacuation Plan

• Emergency egress or escape routes
• Procedures for employees who must remain to
  operate critical equipment before evacuating
• Procedures for accounting for occupants and
  employees after evacuation has been completed

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Section 404 Contd

• Identification and assignment of personnel
  responsible for rescue or emergency medical aid
• The preferred and any alternative means of
  notifying occupants of a fire or emergency
• The preferred and any alternative means of
  reporting fires and other emergencies to the
  authorities

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Section 404 Contd

• Identification and assignment of personnel who
  can be contacted for further information or
  explanation of duties under the plan
• A description of the emergency voice/alarm
  communication system alert tone and preprogrammed
  voice messages, where provided

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IFC Section 404.3.2Fire Safety Plans

• The procedure for reporting a fire or other
  emergency
• The life safety strategy and procedures for
  notifying, relocating, or evacuating occupants
• Site plans indicating
• a. The occupancy assembly point
• b. The location of fire hydrants
• c. Access routes for vehicles

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Section 404.3.2 Contd

• Floor plans identifying
• a. Exits
• b. Primary and secondary evacuation routes
• c. Accessible egress routes and areas of
  refuge.
• d. Pull stations
• e. Fire extinguishers
• f. Fire alarm annunciators and controls

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Section 404.3.2 Contd

• A list of major fire hazards
• Identification of personnel responsible for
  maintenance of systems and equipment installed to
  prevent or control fires
• Identification of personnel responsible for
  maintenance, housekeeping and controlling fuel
  hazard sources

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IFC Section 405Emergency Evacuation Drills

• Emergency evacuation drills shall be conducted
  monthly in elementary schools.
• Emergency evacuation drills shall be conducted at
  least every two months in secondary schools for a
  total of four drills in nine months. The first
  drill shall be conducted within the first two
  weeks of the school year.

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IFC Section 408.3Emergency Evacuation Drills

• First drill of each school year shall be
  conducted within the first 10 days.
• Emergency drills shall be conducted at different
  times of the day
• Outdoor assembly areas shall be designated and
  shall be located a safe distance from the
  building.
• Shall provide accountability

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IBC Section 410.1Stages and Platforms

• Stage is a space within a building utilized for
  entertainment which includes overhead hanging
  curtains, drops, scenery or stage effects.
• To be called a stage the area must measure 1000
  sq. ft. in floor area and 50 ft. in height.

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Stages Platforms Contd

• Section 410.5.2 - Dressing rooms, scene docks,
  property rooms, workshops, storerooms and
  compartments appurtenant to the stage shall be
  separated from each other by fire barrier wall
  and horizontal assemblies, or both, with not less
  than a 1-hour fire-resistance rating with
  protected openings.

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Stages Platforms Contd

• An automatic sprinkler system is required for
  stages that are 1,000 square feet in floor area
  and 50 feet in height.
• Standpipes are required on stages 1,000 square
  feet in area and 50 feet in height.
• At least one exit from each side of stage is
  required

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Spray Finishing Areas

• Spray booths, areas and rooms shall be protected
  by a sprinkler system
• Construct of materials that allow cleaning
• Filters shall be changed often
• Sprinkler heads are to be protected
• Light fixtures and exposed electrical wiring
  shall be explosion proof

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Chapter 5

• Fire Service Features
• General Building Heights and Areas

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IFC Section 504Access To Building Openings

• Required exterior doors and openings shall be
  maintained readily accessible for emergency
  access by the fire department.
• Required exterior doors for fire department
  access shall not be eliminated without prior
  approval and shall not be obstructed

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Section 505Premises Identification

• New and existing buildings shall have approved
  address numbers, placed in a position that is
  plainly legible and visible from the street or
  road fronting the property

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IFC Section 507Hazards to Fire Fighters

• Trapdoors and scuttle covers shall be kept closed
  at all times except when in use or are
  automatically operated.
• Outside opening accessible to the Fire department
  and which open on a hoistway or shaftway
  communicating between two or more floors shall be
  plainly marked in red letters, 6 inches high, on
  white background

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Hazards to Fire Fighters Contd

• Door or window openings to a hoistway or shaftway
  from the interior of the building shall be
  plainly marked.
• The intentional design or alteration of buildings
  to disable, injure, maim or kill intruders is
  prohibited

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IFC Section 508Fire Protection Water Supplies

• Fire hydrant systems shall be subject to periodic
  tests and shall be maintained in an operative
  condition at all times and shall be repaired
  where defective.
• A 3-foot clear space shall be maintained around
  the circumference of a fire hydrant.
• Bollards shall be provided when needed

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IFC 510FD Access to Equipment

• Fire protection equipment shall be identified in
  an approved manner. Rooms containing
  controlsshall be identified for fire department
  use. Signs shall be permanently installed,
  readily visible and durable.

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IBC Chapter 5General Building Heights and Areas

• Numbers or addresses shall be provided for new
  buildings in such a position as to be clearly
  visible and legible from the street fronting the
  property.

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Chapter 6

• Building Services Systems
• Types of Construction

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IFC Section 605 ElectricalEquipment Wiring
Hazards

• Identified electrical hazards shall be abated.
  Electrical wiring, devices, appliances and other
  equipment that is modified or damaged and
  constitutes and electrical shock or fire hazard
  shall not be used
• Illumination shall be provided for service
  equipment areas, motor control centers and
  electrical panals.

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Electrical Equipment, Wiring and Hazards Contd

• A working space of not less than 30 inches in
  width, 36 inches in depth and 78 inches in height
  shall be provided in front of electrical
  equipment.
• Doors into electrical control panel rooms shall
  be marked with a sign stating ELECTRICAL ROOM.
• Electrical panals shall be labeled.

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Electrical Hazards Contd

• Multiplug adaptors shall comply with the NEC or
  are prohibited.
• Relocatable power taps shall be polarized or
  grounded, equipped with overcurrent protection
  and be listed. They shall be directly connected
  to a permanently installed receptacle.
• Shall not extend through floors, walls, etc.

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Electrical Hazards Contd

• Extension Cords shall not be used as permanent
  wiring, shall not be affixed to structures,
  extended through walls, ceilings or floors, under
  doors or floor coverings and shall not be
  subjected to damage.
• Extension cords shall be used only with portable
  appliances.

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Electrical Hazards Contd

• Extension cords shall be plugged directly into a
  receptacle
• The ampacity of the cord shall not be less than
  the rated capacity of the appliance being served.
• Maintained in good conditon
• Extension cord shall be grounded when serving
  grounded appliances

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Electrical Hazards Contd

• Open junction boxes and open-wiring splices are
  prohibited
• Electrical appliances and fixtures shall be
  tested and listed
• Temporary wiring for electrical power and
  lighting is allowed for a period not to exceed 90
  days.

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IBC Chapter 6

• Types of Construction

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Chapter 7

• Fire-Resistance-Rated Construction

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Section 705 Fire Walls

• Create two separate buildings
• Must provide same level of structural integrity
  and independence as an exterior wall
• Under fire conditions-must remain intact to 2
  hours if one or the other side collapses.
• Has minimum fire-rating of 2 hours
• Continuous from footings to parapet

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Section 706 Fire Barrier

• Used for separating exits, incidental use areas,
  shafts, and fire areas.
• Fire barriers cannot terminated at the ceiling
• Areas separated with a fire barriers are not
  considered separate buildings
• Openings are limited to 25 of wall space

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708 Fire Partitions

• Wall assemblies that enclose an exit access
  corridor
• Openings are not limited but must be protected
• Extend from the top of the floor assembly to the
  fire-resistance-rated floor/ceiling or
  roof/ceiling assembly

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Section 712 Penetrations

• Penetrations through fire-resistance-rated
  assemblies shall be protected to maintain the
  integrity of the hourly rating.
• Each type of penetration requires a specific
  method of protection based on the type of
  assembly that is penetrated and the type of
  penetrating item.

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712 Penetrations Contd

• If sleeves are used, the space between the sleeve
  and the penetrating item as well as the space
  between the sleeve and the assembly shall be
  protected.
• Insulation and coverings on or in the penetrating
  item shall not penetrate the assembly unless
  tested by ASTM

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712 Penetrations Contd

• In a masonry wall, mortar or cement may be used.
• Tape and sheetrock mud does not produce a
  fire-resistance rating around pipe, conduit, etc.
• UL Directories, Factory Mutual and others provide
  accepted, listed methods and materials.

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Chapter 8

• Interior Finishes

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IFC Interior Finish, Decorative Materials
Furnishing

• Furnishing or decorations of an explosive or
  highly flammable character shall not be used.
• Fire-retardant coatings shall be maintained so as
  to retain the effectiveness of the treatment
  under service conditions encountered in actual
  use.

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Interior Finishes Contd

• Furnishings or other objects shall not be placed
  to obstruct exits, exit access or egress or
  visibility

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IFC Section 803.3.1Storage in corridors and
lobbies

• Clothing and personal effects shall not be stored
  in corridors and lobbies
• Exceptions
• - Corridors protected by an -automatic
  sprinkler system
• - Corridors protected by an approved
  smoke detection system
• - Storage in metal lockers

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803.3.2 Artwork in Corridors

• Artwork and teaching materials shall be limited
  on the walls of corridors to not more than 20
  percent of the wall area.

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IFC Section 804Decorative Vegetation

• Natural cut trees allowed in sprinklered
  buildings only.
• Support device should hold the tree securely and
  be sized large enough so the tree wont fall over
• 2-day supply of water
• When full, water shall cover tree stem at least
  2-inches, check daily

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Decorative Vegetation Contd

• Check daily for dryness-discard when needles are
  dry, brittle, and fall off easily when shaken
• Do not obstruct required width of means of egress
• Do not use candles or open flame near tree and
  keep a distance from heat source

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Decorative Vegetation

• Use lights that are listed
• Live vegetation shall be flame-retardant treated
  (SFMO)
• Artificial vegetation shall e flame resistance
  or flame retardant treated with documentation
• Use lights that are listed on artificial
  vegetation
• No lights on metal trees

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IBC Interior Finishes

• Purpose This chapter contains the performance
  requirements for controlling fire growth within
  buildings by restricting interior finish
  materials and decorations.

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IBC Section 805 Decorations Trim

• Curtains, draperies, hangings and other
  decorative materials suspended from walls or
  ceilings shall be flame resistant or
  noncombustible.
• Noncombustible decorative materials shall not be
  limited

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Decorations Trim Contd

• The amount of flame-resistant decorative material
  shall not exceed 10 of the aggregate area of
  walls and ceilings.
• Foam plastics basically cannot be used. Has to
  be covered by thermal barrier or subjects to
  rigorous testing

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Chapter 9

• Fire Protection Systems

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IFC Section 901

• Fire Protection Systems shall be maintained
• Non-required systems shall meet the requirements
  of the IBC and the IFC
• Any device that has the appearance of life safety
  or fire protection equipment but does not perform
  as such shall be prohibited

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Fire Protection Systems Contd

• It shall be unlawful to occupy any portion of a
  building or structure until the required fire
  detection, alarm and suppression systems have
  been tested and approved
• Fire Protection Systems shall be operational at
  all times and shall be repaired or replaced when
  defective

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Fire Protection Systems Contd

• Records of all system inspections, tests and
  maintenance required by referenced standards
  shall be maintained on the premises for three
  years and made available to the code official

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Fire Protection Systems Contd

• Systems Out of Service When systems are out of
  service, notify the fire department and the code
  official. When required by the code official,
  the building shall be evacuated or a fire watch
  provided
• Fire watch shall have at least one method to
  notify the fire department, the fire watch is the
  only duty

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Fire Protection Systems Contd

• Any system or portion of a system that is out of
  service shall be tagged indicating exactly what
  has been identified as a problem
• If a system is planned to be taken out of
  service, a Preplanned Impairment Program is
  required

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Fire Protection Systems Contd

• An Impairment Program requires
• The extent expected duration
• Evaluate the risk to the area or building
• Recommendations have been submitted to the
  building owner
• Notify the Fire Department

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Impairment Plan Contd

• Notify the insurance carrier, the alarm
  monitoring company, building owner and code
  official
• Notify supervisors in affected area
• Place the impairment tag on system
• Assemble necessary tools and materials

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Fire Protection Contd

• Emergency Impairment
• During unplanned impairments, appropriate actions
  shall be take to minimize potential injury and
  damage.
• Implement steps of a Preplanned Impairment Program

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Fire Protection Systems Contd

• Restoring systems to service
• Perform inspections and testing to verify proper
  operation of system
• Advise supervisors that system is restored
• Advise Fire Department of restoration

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Fire Protection Systems Contd

• Advise building owner, alarm company, insurance
  carrier and other interested parties of
  restoration
• Remove impairment tag

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Fire Protection Systems Contd

• Removal or Tampering with Equipment
• It is unlawful for any person to remove, tamper
  with or otherwise disturb any fire hydrant, fire
  detection and alarm system, suppression system or
  other fire appliance

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Sprinkler System

• In E occupancies
• A sprinkler system is required throughout all
  fire areas greater than 20,000 sq. ft.
• Throughout all portions of building below the
  level of exit discharge unless every classroom
  throughout has exterior door at ground level

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Sprinkler System Contd

• Sprinklers are required in spray finishing areas,
  booths or rooms.
• Existing buildings
• Sprinklers can provide a reasonable degree of
  safety in existing structures not complying with
  the minimum requirements of the IBC

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Hood Suppression System

• A hood suppression system is required over
  kitchen equipment which produces smoke and grease
  laden vapors or grease of appreciable depth (1/4
  inch)

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Hood Systems Contd

• Shall meet the requirement of UL 300
• Automatic and manual operation
• System interconnection for fuel and power shutoff
• Requires K-type extinguisher within 30 feet of
  the appliances

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Hood System Contd

• Ventilation system required with specific rate of
  air movement
• Classified grease filters shall be in place when
  grease hood is in use
• Clean regularly to prevent accumulation of
  grease, records of cleaning are to be kept on
  premises
• Service every 6 months Certificate of
  Inspection shall go to code official

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Standpipes

• Class III standpipes are required on each side of
  a stage.
• Shall be equipped with a 1.5 inch and a 2.5 inch
  hose connection
• Hose and cabinet shall have sufficient length of
  1.5 inch hose to protect the entire state area

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Portable Fire Extinguisher

• Required as required by NFPA 10 but can be
  limited to special hazard areas if the building
  is equipped throughout with quick-response
  sprinklers
• Required within 30 feet of commercial cooking
  equipment
• Required where flammable or combustible liquids
  are stored, used or dispensed

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Portable Fire Extinguishers Contd

• Required in special hazard areas including
  laboratories, computer rooms, and generator
  rooms, where required by the fire code official
• Located in conspicuous locations in the normal
  path of travel
• Not obstructed or clearly marked
• Mounted not more that 5-feet above the floor

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Fire Alarm Systems

• Required in schools with an occupant load over 50
• No pull stations at exits if building is equipped
  with a sprinkler system
• Visual and audible appliances
• Duct detectors connected to fire alarm system,
  access provided
• Monitored off site

90
Fire Department Connections

• Located on street side of buildings, fully
  visible and recognizable from street
• Existing buildings-Wherever a FDC is not visible,
  a sign shall be mounted on street side indicating
  FDC location. Letters FDC shall be 6-inches
  high. Words shall be 2-inches high

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Chapter 10

• Means of Egress

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IFC IBC Section 1001General

• Every building and portion thereof shall be
  provided with a means of egress system
• It shall be unlawful to alter a building or
  structure in a manner that will reduce the
  required number of exits
• Means of egress systems shall be maintained in
  accordance with the IFC

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Section 1003.6

• Clear path of egress travel
• Obstructions shall not be placed in the required
  width of a means of egress
• The required capacity of a means of egress system
  shall not be diminished along the path of egress
  travel

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Section 1016 Corridors

• Minimum corridor width shall not be less than 44
  inches.
• In group E - Required width of 6-feet where the
  capacity is 100 or more.
• Required width of 3-feet where the capacity is
  less than 50

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Section 1006Means of Egress Illumination

• The means of egress, including the exit
  discharge, shall be illuminated at all times the
  building is occupied

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Section 1006.3Illumination Emergency Power

• In the event of a power failure, an emergency
  electrical system shall automatically illuminate
• Exit access corridors, passageways and aisles in
  rooms with two exits
• Exit stairways
• Exterior egress components at othe than the level
  of exit discharge

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Emergency Illumination Contd

• Interior exit discharge elements in buildings
  required to have two or more exits
• The portion of the exterior exit discharge
  immediately adjacent to exit discharge doorways
  in buildings required to have two or more exits.
• Emergency power system shall provide power for 90
  minutes

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Section 1011 Exit Signs

• Exits and exit access doors shall be marked by
  and approved exit sign readily visible from any
  direction of egress travel
• Exit sign placement shall be such that no point
  in an exit access corridor is more than 100 feet
  from the nearest visible exit sign

99
Exit Signs Continued

• Shall be illuminated at all times
• May be internally or externally illuminated
• Shall be connected to an emergency power system,
  battery or generator
• Shall remain illuminated not less than 90 minutes
  after a power outage

100
Section 1008 Doors

• Means of egress doors shall be easily
  recognizable as doors and shall not be concealed
  by curtains, drapes, decorations or similar
  materials
• Minimum clear width of a door is 32 inches of
  clear opening between the face of the door and
  the stop when the door is open 90 degrees

101
Doors Continued

• Egress doors shall be side-hinged swinging.
• Doors shall swing in the direction of egress
  travel where serving an occupant load of 50
• In Group E with an occupant load of 100 or more a
  door shall not be provided with a latch or lock
  unless it is panic hardware or fire exit hardware

102
Doors Continued

• Egress door shall be readily openable without the
  use of a key or special knowledge or effort
• Doors in rated corridors shall be automatic or
  self closing

103
Doors Continued

• Manually operated flush bolts or surface bolts
  are not permitted
• Exception
• The inactive leaf on a pair of doors serving
  storage or equipment rooms
• Gates serving in the means of egress system shall
  comply with the requirements of doors

104
Doors Continued

• Where two or more doors are required, they shall
  remain clear and unobstructed