Review for Lab Practical II

1
Review for Lab Practical II

• Kingdom Animalia
• Lab exercises 8-13

2
Characterize the animal kingdom(Lab 8)

• Use anatomical terms to describe position
• Dorsal / ventral
• proximal / distal
• Anterior / posterior
• Etc.
• Distinguish animals based on their morphological
  differences (describe and/or classify)
• Symmetry
• Tissue composition (germ layers)
• Body cavities
• Body plan (sac or tube with a tube)
• Development (Protostome or Deuterostome)

3
Phylum Porifera(Lab 8)

• Characterize sponges
• List special cell types and their functions
• Note the following
• Skeletal structures
• Lifestyle and habitat
• Nutritional mode

4
Phylum Cnidaria(Lab 9)

• Characterize cnidarians
• Note special stinging cells and their function
• 2 morphological forms sessile and free-swimming
• Nutritional mode
• Recognize examples
• (name various representative organisms)

5
Phylum Platyhelminthes(Lab 9)

• Characterize flatworms
• Recognize members
• Planaria as free-living flatworm
• Identify structures on model
• functions of specific organs
• Tapeworms and their parasitic lifecycle
• Name 3 Morphological features adapted to
  parasitism

6
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7
Highly magnified view of mature proglottid with
eggs
8
Phylum Nematoda(Lab 10)

• Characterize roundworms
• Note musculature, cuticle (exoskeleton),
• Dioecious and sexually dimorphic
• Great reproductive capacity
• Recognize example organisms, including
• pinworms, trichina worms, Ascaris
• Describe lifecycle and target tissues of parasites

9
Ascaris
10
Phylum Mollusca(Lab 10)

• Characterize mollusks
• Describe 3 basic body parts
• Note nutritional modes, feeding structures
• Recognize example organisms by class
• Chitons
• Gastropods
• Bivalves
• Cephalopods
• Relate special structures or processes to each
  group, including torsion, shells, tentacles,
  siphon, radula, chromatophores, sepia, adductor
  muscles, umbo.
• Know functions of structures!!!!

11
Bivalve
12
Phylum Annelida(Lab 11)

• Characterize the segmented worms
• Note advantages of Metamerism
• Repetition of parts
• Specialized functions of segments
• Impact on locomotion, excretion, respiration
• Recognize example organisms (models, slides, and
  preserved specimen)
• Leeches and their parasitic lifestyle, role of
  hirudin
• Polychaetes - marine predators
• Oligochaetes -hermaphroditic earthworms with
  clitellum
• Label parts of digestive tract

13
Leech
polycheate
Oligochaeta
14
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15
Phylum Arthropoda(Lab 11)

• Characterize the jointed legged animals
• Relate chitin to exoskeleton and process of
  Ecdysis
• Label body parts resulting from Tagmosis
• Know by group
• Various respiratory organs (Book lungs, tracheal
  tubes and spiracles, gills)
• Mouth parts (mandibles, chelicerae)
• Structures (carapace, antennae, spinnerets,
  swimmerets, wings, biramous appendages, telson)
• Trilobites, chelicerates, hexapods, crustaceans
• Recognize examples (models or specimen) of each

16
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17
Phylum Echinodermata(Lab 12)

• Characterize the echinoderms
• Water Vascular System - function and parts
• Recognize example organisms (models and specimen)
• Sea urchins, sand dollars, sea cucumbers, sea
  stars
• Names body sides (oral and aboral)
• Label anatomical structures of the sea star,
  (internal and external) from dissection,
  preserved specimen and models

18
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19
Phylum Chordata(Lab 12)

• Characterize the chordates
• Describe the big 4 derived traits
• Recognize invertebrate members
• Urochordates tunicates or sea squirts
• Cephalochordates, lancelets
• Label parts from model and associate function,
  lifestyle, nutritional mode.
• Vertebrate chordates in lab 13

20
Vertebrate animals

• Agnatha vertebrates without jaws
• Hagfish (least derived)
• Lamprey
• Gnathostome classes
• Chondrichthyes cartilaginous endoskeleton
• Sharks, rays
• Osteichthyes bony endoskeleton
• Perch, trout, catfish, etc.

21
Vertebrates

• Class Amphibia recognize examples
• Salamanders
• Frogs
• Class Reptilia recognize examples
• Snakes
• Lizards
• Turtles
• Class Aves recognize examples of birds
• Describe adaptations for flight

22

• Review the basic internal and external anatomy of
  the frog