NPA Mine Action Sudan

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NPA Mine Action Sudan Land Release Methodology
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Land Release in Sudan

• Risk management-based methodology specific to
  country setting
• Aspects
• Theory
• Application
• Reporting

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Land Release - Application

• Three components to physical treatment of
  ground
• Probability of findings
• Confidence in tool used
• area treated
• Same level of end-user confidence in land
  released must be achieved in all instances
  (Cancellation, Technical Survey, Clearance)
• Graduated Response (as per 08.20 draft Feb 09)
• Demands good quality (General) Survey information

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Re-Survey Yei - Bele
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Dangerous Area Overview
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IMAS Land Release

• IMAS 08.20 Land Release draft Feb 2009
• IMAS 08.21 Non-Technical Survey draft Feb 2009
• IMAS 08.22 Technical Survey draft Feb 2009

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Land Release Terms and Definitions (IMAS)
Technical Survey 2004 - previously referred to
as a Level 2 survey - the detailed topographical
and technical investigation of known or suspected
hazardous areas identified during the planning
phase. Such areas would have been identified
during any information gathering activities or
surveys which form part of the GMAA process or
have been otherwise reported. Technical Survey
2009, draft a detailed intervention with
clearance or verification assets into a CHA, or
part of a CHA. It should confirm the presence or
absence of mines and ERW leading to the release
of land and / or the definition of the DHA for
clearance. Verification 2004 - confirmation,
through the provision of objective evidence that
specified requirements have been fulfilled. ISO
90002000 Land Release 2009, draft the term
describes the product of applying all reasonable
effort to remove a claim of mines/ERW through
survey and/or clearance. The criteria for all
reasonable effort shall be defined by the NMAA.
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NPA Land Release Concept

• Demining is limited by time and budget
• Demining is about gathering information on the
  probability of the presence of mines/UXO in a
  Suspected Hazardous Area (SHA) and the graduated
  application of assets to mitigate the
  hazard/threat
• NPA should never release land without
  documenting what we have done and received an
  approval from the land owner, local community,
  national authorities and the national Mine Action
  Centre that they understand and accept what we
  have done.

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NPA Mine Action Sudan Land Release

• Land can be released through 3 different
  processes
• Cancellation the process in which an area is
  released based on information gathering only. No
  mine clearance tools have been used.
• Technical Survey the process in which demining
  assets have been used to confirm presence or
  absence of mines/UXO.
• Clearance the process in which demining assets
  are used to physically clear an area and are in
  accordance with the International Mine Action
  Standards (IMAS) for cleared area and cleared
  land.

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LR stages
1. Information gathering 2. Define Risk 3. Risk
Mitigation 4. QA/QC
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NPA Mine Action Sudan Stage 1 Information
Gathering

• General Survey
• DA polygon generated
• Socio economic impact

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NPA Mine Action Sudan Stage 2 Define the risk

• The Hazard
• AP Blast M14, No4, Type 72, PMN,TS50, PRB409
• Bounding Frag Type 69
• AP Frag POMZ, POMZ-2M
• AT PRB M3, TM46, TM57, Type 72, M15, ATM 72
• UXO all types
• Sub Munitions PM1

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NPA Mine Action Sudan Stage 2 Define the risk

• Reliability of information
• Tolerable Risk - through dialogue with
• South Sudan Demining Commission (SSDC)
• UN Mine Action Office (UNMAO)
• Allocate risk categories
• Area Without Noticeable Risk (AWNR)
• Area of Risk (AR)

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NPA Mine Action Sudan Stage 3 Risk Mitigation

• THREE PROCESSES
• Cancellation
• Technical Survey
• Clearance

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NPA Mine Action Sudan Cancellation

• No physical treatment of the ground is applied
• Cancellation criteria as per SOP

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NPA Mine Action Sudan Cancellation Criteria
1. Was a comprehensive Survey completed of the
suspected area and its surroundings?  2. Were
the Landowners (min. 2) located and
interviewed? 3. Do the landowners agree that the
area is Mine and UXO free? 4. Is the area being
used on a regular basis?   5. Has any
development or construction occurred since the DA
report was submitted?    If YES is indicated for
serials 1,2,3,4,5 then the area meets the
criteria to be cancelled. Proceed to complete the
Cancelled Area Report.   If NO is indicated for
serials 4,5 then the reasons must be indicated,
however, the area may still be cancelled.   If NO
is indicated for any one of serials 1,2,3, then
the area will NOT be accepted for cancellation.
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NPA Mine Action Sudan Technical Survey

• Justification (Risk Analysis)
• Unreliable or insufficient information
• No information to satisfy cancellation
• Targeting of minefields
• Tools available
• Manual (Detector, 100 Excavation, Rake)
• Mechanical (Mine Wolf)
• Tiller Visual
• Flail Tiller Visual
• MDD

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NPA Mine Action Sudan Clearance

• Satisfies IMAS definition of cleared area and
  cleared land
• Justification (Risk Analysis) includes
• Minefield records
• Mine/UXO accidents recorded
• Reliable information sources confirming presence
  of mines/UXO
• Physical evidence of battle trenches, empty
  cases, wire entanglement, abandoned vehicles and
  equipment
• Mine laying witnessed or accurately reported
• Local demining

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NPA Mine Action Sudan Clearance

• Clearance execution
• Inside out
• Deminer safety distance
• Clearance depth
• Manual
• Detector
• 100 Excavation
• Rake (REDS)
• Mechanical (Mine Wolf)
• Tiller Visual Rake
• Flail Tiller Visual Rake

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NPA Mine Action Sudan Stage 4 QA/QC

• Internal and External Monitoring
• Task Handover
• Post Clearance Impact Assessment (PCIA) TIA
  Phase 3

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NPA Mine Action Sudan Task Handover

• South Sudan Demining Commission
• I accept responsibility of this area on behalf of
  the people of Sudan. I understand that the
  specified area has been cleared of Mines and UXO
  to the depth specified in this handover and
  formal declaration certificate.

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NPA Toolbox

• Manual and Mechanical capacity

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Minefields and Mined Areas

• Patterned Minefields
• Nuisance Mining / Ambush locations

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Patterned Minefield
Technical Survey (Manual) Cleared Area
(Manual) Technical Survey (Manual) Baseline Ar
ea Reduced
Clearance
Area Reduction
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Nuisance Mining
Technical Survey (Mechanical) Baseline Road

Clearance
Technical Survey
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Task Example Kili Kili, Morobo County
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Threat Mitigation Matrix

• Tech Survey Manual - 25m x 25m boxing - 2m
  lanes approx 20 coverage
• Tech Survey Mech (MW) - 50m x 50m boxing - 5m
  lanes approx 25 coverage
• Tech Survey Mech (MMW) - 25m x 25m boxing
  2.5m lanes approx 25 coverage
• Clearance is to default distances minimum 5 m
  plus of mine

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Reporting

• Manual
• m2 clearance
• m2 REDS Verification
• Mechanical
• m2 processed

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Confidence Spectrum
MPV
MDD
Manual
MW
0
100
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NPA Mine Action Sudan Land Release Methodology