Prsentation PowerPoint

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la nature des sensations

• sentir des choses différentes
• dans une modalité sensorielle
• dans différentes modalités
• sentir plutôt que rien sentir

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Le problème de la conscience phénoménale
Actions
Sensory inputs
Brain mechanisms
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Sentir exercer une habilité sensorimotrice
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Sentir exercer une habilité sensorimotrice
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vision classique
nouvelle vision
le cerveau génère les sensations
le cerveau génère savoir et actions
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la nature des sensations

• sentir des choses différentes
• dans une modalité sensorielle
• dans différentes modalités
• sentir plutôt que rien sentir

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Sensorimotor Contingencies(D. M. MacKay, 1956)

• sensory input f ( action )

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Feeling Softness

• knowing that sensorimotor contingencies typical
  of softness are currently being obeyed.

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Seeing Red

• knowing that sensorimotor contingencies typical
  of red are currently being obeyed.

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Red is the way red things change the light
(Broackes, 1992)
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Non-uniformity of color sampling
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Dual Purkinje Eye Tracker(Françoise Vitu Denis
Lancelin)
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Aline Bompas with split-field glasses
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Previous efforts

• Kohler 1951
  
• Mc Collough 1965 -
• Harrington 1965
  -
• Leppman Wieland, 1966

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Forced choice
more yellow-ish more blue-ish
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Judging white after removing glasses
responses blue
color
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la nature des sensations

• sentir des choses différentes
• dans une modalité sensorielle
• dans différentes modalités
• sentir plutôt que rien sentir

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Intermodal differences
SEEING HEARING

• no change
• increasing amplitude
• asynchrony
• big change
• nothing

blink move forward turn sideways cover
ears cover eyes

• big change
• expanding flow
• shifting flow
• nothing
• big change

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Tactile Visual Sensory Substitution Bach y Rita
(1972 1984)
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testing P. Meijers The vOICe (M. Auvray)
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Audio-Tactile SubstitutionAline Bompas, Kevin
ORegan
right microphone
left microphone
isolating head phones
Vibrator on right leg
Vibrator on left leg
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Botvinick Cohen, 1998
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Seeing Straightness

• knowing that sensorimotor contingencies typical
  of straightness are currently being obeyed.

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Cortex
Retina
Visual field
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What is a sensorimotor law?

• S f(M)
• INTRINSIC
• way of describing relation which is independent
  of the code
• (Differential geometry, Lie Groups)

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Philipona, O Regan Nadal, Neural Computation
2003
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Philipona, O Regan Nadal, Neural Computation
2003
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la nature des sensations

• sentir des choses différentes
• dans une modalité sensorielle
• dans différentes modalités
• sentir plutôt que rien sentir

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Why is sensory experience different from other
mental phenomena?

• Corporality/Bodiliness
• tight link to body motions
• Alerting capacity/Grabbiness
• transients incontrovertibly
• grab attention

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Corporality/Bodiliness

• if voluntary motions systematically affect input
• e.g. visual, auditory, etc.
• also proprioception
• not autonomic sensory pathways

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Alerting Capacity/Grabbiness

• capacity to peremptorily interfere with cognitive
  processing
• (can cause exogenous attentional capture)
• e.g. visual, auditory pathways, etc.
• not vestibular, proprioceptive, autonomic
  sensory pathways

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Remembering
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Seeing
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"raw feel"
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"raw feel"
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The experience of softnessE. Myin
EXERCISING A SKILL !
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The experience of softnessE. Myin
COGNITIVELY ENGAGING IN
EXERCISING A SKILL !
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Having an experience

• cognitively engaging in

the exercise of a skill
thinking, remembering motor skills perceiving
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A sensorimotor account of vision and visual
consciousnessJ.K.ORegan A.NoëBehavioral
and Brain Sciences, 5, 2001http//nivea.psycho.u
niv-paris5.fr
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La conscience phénoménale en une phrase

• Avoir une sensation (perceptive) être en train
  d accéder au savoir qu on exerce actuellement
  une habilité sensorimotrice d un type spécifique
• spécificités des habilités sensorimotrices
  perceptives
• monde comme source d informations (mémoire
  externe)
• corporalité
• capacité d alerte

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Mystères de la conscience phénoménale
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Ressources

• Transparents du cours et autres infos
  http//nivea.psycho.univ-paris5.fr
• Articles en ligne sur la conscience
  http//www.u.arizona.edu/chalmers/online.html
• PSYCHE http//psyche.cs.monash.edu.au/
• JCS http//www.imprint.co.uk/
• Abstracts de conférences régulières
• ASSC http//www.assc.caltech.edu/
• Tucson (Toward a Science of Consciousness)
  http//www.consciousness.arizona.edu/tucson/index.
  html

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Quelques suggestions darticles 1

• !! contraire de mon approche compatible
  mais nexpliquant pas la P-conscience
• très neuro
• Moshe Bar Irving Biederman, Localizing the
  cortical region mediating visual awareness of
  object identity (awareness area)
• Nancy Kanwisher, Neural events and perceptual
  awareness (review on NCC)
• !! Christof Koch (NCC)
• !! Gabriel Kreiman, Itzhak Fried, Christof Koch
  (Single neuron awareness)
• Erik D. Lumer and Geraint Rees (Awareness and
  rivalry)
• Lumer, Friston Rees (aware percepts in rivalry)
• Maknik haglund (optical images correlate with
  percept not with input)
• Sahraie, L. Weiskrantz, J.L. Barbur, et al (aware
  and unaware areas in blindsight)
• D.L. Sheinberg N. Logothetis (aware vs unaware
  neurons in rivalry)
• !! R. Srinivasan, D.P. Russell, G.M. Edelman,
  G. Tononi
• !! G. Tononi, R. Srinivasan, D.P. Russell, G.M.
  Edelman (awareness in large numbers of
  synchronous neurons)
• !! S. Zeki, S. Aglioti, D. McKeefry, G.
  Berlucchi (V1-V2 wavelength V4 color constancy)

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Quelques suggestions darticles 2

• plutôt psycho ou philo
• Bernard Baars (comparison of aware and aware
  states)
• Chalmers (phil discussion of NCC good!)
• !! Churchland (misguided hope in neural
  hypotheses)
• !! Cotterill (master module)
• !! Crick Koch (time for NCC!)
• !! Eccles (presynaptic vesicular grids of the
  boutons )
• ? Hernegger (how brain generates sensations?
  Interesting?)
• Hurley Noë (cortical dominance and
  deference)
• Rees, Kreiman Koch (review on NCC)
• !! John Smythies (biochemical basis of coma)
• Ruediger Vaas, (Why neural correlates of
  consciousness are fine, but not enough (seems
  good!)
• Baars (global workspace article)
• Myles Bogner, Uma Ramamurthy, Stan Franklin,
  Consciousness and conceptual learning in a
  socially situated agent (seems interesting!)
• !! Stanislas Dehaene, Michel Kerszberg, and
  Jean-Pierre Changeux
• !! Stevan Harnad Consciousness An afterthought
  (an attempt to account for P-consc. Interesting?)
• ! Anthony Jack Tim Shallice, Introspective
  physicalism as an approach to the science of
  consciousness (doesnt explain P-consc?)
• !!!! Steven Lehar, Gestalt isomorphism
  (mystical?)

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Sensory consciousness
http//nivea.psycho.univ-paris5.fr
Sensory Quality

• J.K.ORegan A.Noë, A sensorimotor account of
  vision and visual consciousness. Behavioral and
  Brain Sciences, 5, 2001
• Corporality/Alerting Capacity (bodiliness/grabbine
  ss)
• J.K.ORegan, E. Myin A.Noë, Towards an analytic
  phenomenology (in press)
• D. Philipona, J.K.ORegan, J.-P. Nadal, Is there
  anything out there? Inferring space from
  sensorimotor dependencies. Neural Computation (in
  press).

Phenomenality
Mathematics Inferring Space