Lecture Objectives 2

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Lecture Objectives 2

• Hormonal regulation in males/females
• Name the glands and their secretions
• Describe the path sperm follow
• Describe the ovarian and uterine cycle
• Know the structure and function of the female
  reproductive system

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Hormonal Control

• Testosterone, Cells of Leydig
• (lobes of testes)
• Stimulates spermatogenesis
• Secondary sex characteristics

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Reproductive Hormones

• Hypothalamus
• Gonadotropin releasing hormone
• Anterior Pituitary
• Gonadotropic hormones
• Follicle Stimulating Leutinizing
• hormone (FSH) hormone (LH)

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Functions of FSH LH

• FSH
• Production of sperm Produces Estrogen
• in males
  and some Progesterone
  
• in females
• LH
• Controls production of Secretes
  Progesterone
• testosterone in males and some
  estrogen in females

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Inhibin

• Sperm Count High
• Inhibin release increases
• Inhibits
• Follicle Stimulating Leutinizing
• hormone (FSH) hormone (LH)

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• Sperm Count Low
• Inhibin release decreases
• Follicle Stimulating Leutinizing
• hormone (FSH) hormone (LH)

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Route

• Produced in the seminiferous tubules (testes)
• Epididymis
• Vas Deferens (vasectomy)
• Urethra
• Head of the sperm (acrosome) is important for?
  Midpiece? Tail?

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Eggs vs Sperm

• Birth - 2 million (Meiosis I)
• Puberty 200,000 ovary
• 450 opportunities to become pregnant
• The ability of a woman to become pregnant must be
  terminated at some point (menopause) Why? Recent
  older moms?

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Miracle of Life Nova The Third Trimester
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Miracle of Life

• Conception and Development of human life

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The encounter
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The female counterpart
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The male counterpart
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Finding each other
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The meeting - competition
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The penetration
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The First Hour
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Coming together
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The union - a new life begins
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Thirty hours - first portrait
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Two days - a mass of cells
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Making it to the womb
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Four days - starting to take shape
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Four days - looking for a home
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Eight days - a closer look
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Eight days - finding the first home
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11 days - making connection
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3 weeks - a primitive mass
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4 weeks - forming the basic design
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4 weeks - a sheltered world
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4 weeks - forming the life support
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4 weeks - tiny prehistoric creature
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5 weeks - visible to the world
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Five weeks - a first closeup
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6 weeks - forming the backbone
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6 weeks - getting cute
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6 weeks - linking two circulations
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8 weeks - every organ in place
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8 weeks - forming the eyes
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16 weeks - a human face
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16 weeks - taking form
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18 weeks - running out of space
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39 weeks - time to push
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Push harder
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We are going to make it
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Hello!
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Female Reproductive System

• Ovaries Produce?
• Oviducts Location of ?
• Uterus Location of developing fetus
• Cervix (Pap Test) Opening to the uterus
• Vagina Organ of copulation and birth canal

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Fertilization and implantation
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The Menstrual Cycle

• Days 1-14 Proliferation
• Days 1-4 sloughing
• Days 6-13 endometrium is rebuilding
• Cervix secretes an thin alkaline mucous (why?)

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• Day 14 Ovulation
• Hormone LH surges
• Enlarged fluid filled Graafian follicle (pg.
  294-295 of the text)
• Light increase in temperature

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Female Reproductive System
Figure 16.4A
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Ovarian Cycle
Figure 16.6