CBA Review Answers

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CBA Review Answers
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Reasons for European Exploration

• trade
• fame
• gold
• search for Northwest Passage
• religion
• curiosity
• expand European empire

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Explorations/Slavery

• Slave trade in New World
• cheap source of labor on plantations cash crops
• Middle Passage
• journey African slaves took from Africa to
  Americas to work in colonies
• Northwest Passage
• hoped-for water route through North America
  connecting Atlantic Ocean and Pacific Ocean
  would be shorter way to riches of Asia if existed
• Columbus
• sailed 1492 looking for a western sea route to
  Asia

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Colonies

• William Penn Pennsylvania, Quakers, against
  slavery, all
• Roger Williams Rhode Island, Baptists, all
  religions welcomed
• James Oglethorpe Georgia, debtors
• Lord Baltimore Maryland, Catholics
• Duke of York New York (New Amsterdam)

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Colonies

• Jamestown
• 1st permanent English colony
• 1607, Virginia
• tobacco helped succeed
• House of Burgesses
• 1st representative assembly in colonies, 1619, VA
• Plymouth
• 1620, Pilgrims
• Mayflower Compact
• described how colonists would govern themselves

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Economy () of Colonies

• New England
• fishing, shipbuilding, lumber, whaling, trade
• little farming, little slavery
• Middle
• farming, Breadbasket Colonies, big cities located
  near water, trades
• Southern
• plantation farming, cash crops (rice, indigo,
  tobacco), slavery
• Triangular Trade 2 stops then home

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Government of Colonies

• Beginnings of Representative Government
• Virginia House of Burgesses
• representatives chosen to make decisions
• Mayflower Compact
• agreed to make laws for good of colony as needed
• Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
• first written constitution in the colonies
• John Locke
• governments only purpose to protect peoples
  rights

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Colonies

• Plantations
• large farms, found in South, cash crops, slave
  labor, overseer, self-sufficient, size of New
  England village
• Cash crop sold for
• Subsistence farmer
• produced enough to feed family with little left
  over for trade
• New England
• Water Locations
• transportation
• trade
• agriculture (farming)
• survival

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Colonial Life

• Pilgrims
• religious freedom
• Thanksgiving (celebrated with Native Americans)
• Church
• meetinghouse, school, church
• most important part of New England Villages
• high steeples for holy watching
• Newspapers
• main source of communication
• unified colonies by spreading information
• Trade
• mercantile policy quickly becoming a monopoly
• sell raw materials to England only
• buy manufactured goods only from England

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Ben Franklin

• French and Indian War
• Colonies needed to unite if they wanted to win
  against the French
• Albany Plan of Union Did not work because
  colonies were not ready to join together as one
  nation

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French Indian War

• 1754-1763
• French and Indians vs British and Colonists
• Ohio River Valley
• Britain won
• Americans excited to be part of British empire
  under the King
• Treaty of Paris of 1763
• redistributed the land of North America
• France no longer had any land claims
• Proclamation of 1763
• forbid colonists to settle in ORV (west of
  Appalachian Mt.)
• asked for from colonists to help pay for the
  costs of war
• Americans refused leading to taxation by Britain

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Causes of the Revolutionary War

• Quartering Act
• required colonists to house, feed, provide
  supplies for British soldiers
• Sugar Act
• tax on sugar molasses brought into America
• Stamp Act
• required all legal commercial documents to have
  an official stamp showing tax paid (newspapers,
  contracts, playing cards, books)

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Causes of Revolutionary War

• Boycott (buy not)
• refusal to buy goods
• best way to get England to change hit them
  economically ()
• Townshend Acts
• taxed goods used daily glass, lead, paper,
  paint, tea
• Boston Massacre
• snowball fight turned deadly
• 5 Americans killed
• Crispus Attucks
• Tea Act
• taxed tea brought into colonies
• monopoly
• East India Tea Company
• Britain owned
• Boston Tea Party
• dumped 342 chests of tea into Boston Harbor in
  protest

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Revolutionary People/Events

• Crispus Attucks
• black dock worker, first to die at Boston
  Massacre
• Samuel Adams
• leader of Sons of Liberty
• organized boycotts and protests against taxes
• wanted by British government
• Thomas Paine
• royal pain in the neck
• Common Sense complete separation from England
• The Crisis inspired Washingtons troops to be
  strong in face of difficult times of war

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Revolutionary People/Events

• Thomas Jefferson
• wrote Declaration of Independence
• George Washington
• commanding General of Continental Army
• King George III
• King of England
• imposed taxes on colonies
• Loyalists supported him

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Revolutionary People/Events

• Paul Revere
• Lexington and Concord
• midnight ride to warn Hancock Adams
• alerted countryside
• British are coming!
• move weapons stored at Concord
• poem by Longfellow

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Revolutionary People/Events

• Patrick Henry
• Give me liberty or give me death!
• Patriot
• supported Revolution
• wanted independence from England
• Loyalist
• did not support Revolution
• remained loyal to King George III

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Revolutionary People/Events

• militia
• armed civilians defending country during war
• Redcoats
• British soldiers
• lobster backs
• Minutemen
• colonial men ready to fight at a minutes notice
• Continental army
• colonists fighting for independence from Britain
• Shot heard round the world
• 1st shots fired of Revolutionary War
• Lexington and Concord

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Writers/Documents

• Declaration of Independence
• Thomas Jefferson
• July 4, 1776
• unalienable right
• cannot be taken away
• life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness
• Common Sense
• Thomas Paine
• complete break from England necessary
• common sense to fight for independence

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Writers/Documents

• Articles of Confederation
• Government during the Revolutionary War
• Provisions of the Articles
• each state had 1 vote in Congress
• to pass law needed 9/13 approval
• change in Articles needed 13/13 approval
• national government had no power to control trade
• Congress could not pass taxes
• no Executive Branch President
• NW Land Ordinance
• way new states could join the United States

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Revolutionary War

• Turning point
• Battle of Saratoga
• French joined to help fight against the British
• Ben Franklin secured their help
• Valley Forge
• Washingtons winter camp in 1777
• 25 of soldiers died
• froze no shoes, blankets (bloody footprints in
  snow)
• starved limited supplies
• The Crisis These are the times that try mens
  souls.
• 1st American Flag - Betsy Ross

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Revolutionary War

• Treaty ending war
• Treaty of Paris 1783
• The American colonies are hereby recognized by
  Britain as free, independent states and now have
  right to all lands east of the Mississippi
  River.
• set up new boundaries of United States
• American advantages during war
• knowledge of land geographical advantage
• motivation for independence wanted freedom
• French help after Battle of Saratoga
• good tactics and leadership G. Washington

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Revolutionary War

• American allies
• France, Poland, Germany
• we would not have won without France
• Ending battle
• Yorktown 1781
• Lord Cornwallis was surrounded and forced to
  surrender
• Guerilla warfare
• small bands of fighters who weaken the enemy with
  hit-and-run attacks
• Swamp Fox Francis Marion