32P Module

1
32P Module

• Objectives
• To understand the physical nature of 32P.
• To understand the 32P is both and internal and
  external radiation hazard.
• To understand the need to utilize shielding.
• To recognize that special procedures and
  protective measures are required when using
  activities greater than 1.0 mCi.

2
Isotopes Phosphorus (32P)

• The half life of 32P is 14 days
• The Maximum beta energy is 1.7 MeV.
• The Average beta energy is 0.6 Mev or 600 keV.
• 32P is one of the most energetic beta emitters.
• It is a pure beta emitter
• The number of betas emitted per second Number
  of decays per second (for 1 mCi, 3.7 x 107 betas
  emitted per second)

3
IsotopesPhosphorus (32P)

• Annual limit of intake via inhalation is 0.6 mCi
  (600mCi). (this means that a total burden in the
  body of 0.6 mCi from ingestion alone will give a
  5 Rem dose).
• Annual limit of intake via ingestion is 0.4 mCi
  (400 mCi). (this means that a total burden in the
  body from the lungs alone of 0.4 mCi will give a
  5 Rem dose).

4
IsotopesPhosphorus (32P)

• Uptakes of phosphorus are assumed to be retained
  with a biological half-life of 0.5 days(). Of
  this phosphorus
• 15 is rapidly excreted,
• 15 is retained in intracellular fluids with a
  biological half-life of 2 days
• 40 is retained in soft tissue with a biological
  half-life of 19 days and
• 30 retained permanently in mineral bone where
  32P is reduced by radioactive decay().
• ICRP Publication 30, Part 2, Limits for Intakes
  of Radionuclides byWorkers. Pergamon Press,
  Oxford, 1979.

5
IsotopesPhosphorus (32P)

• Dose to skin (Rem per hour)( cm2 per uCi) is
• 6.03 Rem cm2 /hr uCi for bare skin
• (ex. 10 uCi over 2 cm2 of bare skin would give
  a dose rate of 6.0310/2 30.015 Rem/hr.
• 4.7 Rem cm2 /hr uCi to the skin if the
  contamination is on a glove.
• 2.9 Rem cm2 /hr uCi to the skin if the
  contamination is on the lab coat sleeve.
• Remember, your Annual allowed skin dose is 50 Rem

6
Isotopes Phosphorus (32P)

• Contamination is controlled and surveyed by
  geiger counter.
• Can be detected with a Geiger Counter at 80
  efficiency ( 8 in 10 betas are detected).
• For 32P, the liquid scintillation counter has a
  maximum efficiency of 99.
• Due to the Bremstralung effect of the betas,
  scintillation fluid is not necessary to detect
  32P in a liquid scintillation counter though the
  efficiency will be low and it will show up in the
  tritium channel.

7
Isotopes Phosphorus (32P)

• PPE consists of
• Plastic beta shields
• Lab coat
• Safety glasses/splash goggles
• Gloves
• Closed to shoes
• Long pants

8
IsotopesPhosphorus (32P)

• When using 32P in activities of greater than 1.0
  mCi, you must use
• Plexiglass/plastic Beta Shields for protection.
• Safety glasses,
• Tongs,
• Ring dosimeters and
• Wrist badges

9
Detecting and Measuring Radiation

• Instruments
• GM Survey Meter (Geiger counter)
• Measure exposure rate - Ion Chamber
• Personal Dosimeters - measure doses to staff
• Radiation Badge - Film/TLD
• Self reading dosimeter
  (analog digital)

10
Body Badge Location
Badge
Source
Between Neck and Waist Closest to Source of
Radiation
11
Ring Badge Location
Your Ring Badge will come with your name on it.
Wear the badge with the name plate facing the
source of radiation.
12
The Contamination Survey

• Perform a quick GM counter survey at least every
  10 minutes during a procedure. You should check
• Gloves
• work surface
• Instruments handled

13
Final Contamination Survey

• Perform a thorough GM counter survey immediately
  upon finishing a procedure. You should check
• Gloves
• work surface
• Instruments handles
• the floor around the work area

14
Final Contamination Survey (cont.)

• Regular trash containers
• Radioactive waste container lids
• anything that was touched during the procedure
• personal items (phone, notebook, pens, etc.)

15

• Please answer the following questions as best you
  can. Once you have answered them all correctly,
  please document your name, date and the answer
  code on your labs training form.
• Thank you

16
QUESTIONS(Select the best answer below using the
mouse)

• When should you survey for 32P
  contamination?
• A. Before working with the isotope and then when
  you are finished.
• B. Once you are through working with the stock
  vial and after the procedure is finished.
• C. Every ten minutes throughout the procedure
  and a thorough survey once you are complete.
• D. Never, since 32P is so easily detected.

17

• CORRECT
• Use the Geiger counter to survey your workspace
  and equipment every 10 minutes and perform a
  thorough survey after completing the procedure.

18
QUESTIONS(Select the best answer below using the
mouse)

• When using greater than 1.0 mCi, what
  additional safety devices are required?
• A Lab Coat
• B Properly selected glove
• C Tongs or a similar remote handling
• device
• D Shielding

19

• CORRECT
• Due to the high energy of the 32P beta
  particles, remote handling devices are required
  to protect the skin. Remember, 1.0 mCi spilled
  on the skin will give a dose rate of 6000 Rem/hr
  per cm 2.

20
QUESTIONS(Select the best answer below using the
mouse)

• The Following is prohibited in isotope
  laboratories
• A. Eating
• B. Drinking
• C. Smoking
• D. All of the above

21

• CORRECT
• This should be obvious!!!!!

22
QUESTIONS(Select the best answer below using the
mouse)

• What is the annual limit of intake by
  inhalation for 32P?
• A. 6.0 mCi
• B. 6.0 mCi
• C. 60 mCi
• D. 600 mCi

23

• CORRECT
• Ingestion of 0.60 mCi will give a total
  effective whole body dose of 5 Rem.

24
DOCUMENTING TRAINING

• Please sign and date the training form and
  click on the letter that indicates the first
  letter of your last name (ie. Farina is A)
• A. A - F
• B. G - L
• C. M - R
• D. S - Z

25
Questions ???
If you have any questions while reading the
Radiation Safety Procedures
Please Feel Free to Contact The Radiation
Safety Office
Department of Safety Risk Management Georgia
State University 11th Floor 34 Broad
Street Atlanta, Georgia 30303
413-3540
26

• INCORRECT
• PLEASE TRY AGAIN
• Return to question

27

• INCORRECT
• This is mandatory equipment for all radioisotope
  use.
• PLEASE TRY AGAIN
• Return to question

28

• CORRECT
• BUT
• PLEASE TRY AGAIN
• Return to question

29

• Place the number 5 in the last column after your
  signature Date
• Thank you..

30

• INCORRECT
• PLEASE TRY AGAIN
• Return to question

31

• Place the number 1 in the last column after your
  signature Date
• Finish Training

32

• Place the number 8 in the last column after your
  signature Date
• Finish Training

33

• Place the number 6 in the last column after your
  signature Date
• Finish Training