Chapter Twenty-Three:

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General Education 111

• Chapter Twenty-Three
• Transoceanic Encounters and Global Connections

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Chapter Twenty-ThreeTransoceanic Encounters and
Global Connections

• The European Reconnaissance of the Worlds Oceans
  
• Motives for Exploration
• Portuguese
• Exploration

Caravan traveling from China to Europe,
Catalan Atlas ca. 1375
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Chapter Twenty-ThreeTransoceanic Encounters and
Global Connections

• The European Reconnaissance of the Worlds Oceans
  
• Motives for Exploration
• Portuguese Exploration
• The Lure of Trade

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Chapter Twenty-ThreeTransoceanic Encounters and
Global Connections

• The European Reconnaissance of the Worlds Oceans
  
• Motives for Exploration
• Portuguese Exploration
• The Lure of Trade
• Missionary Efforts

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Chapter Twenty-ThreeTransoceanic Encounters and
Global Connections

• The European Reconnaissance of the Worlds Oceans
  
• The Technology of Exploration
• Navigational Instruments

Mariner using cross staff to determine latitude.
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Chapter Twenty-ThreeTransoceanic Encounters and
Global Connections

• The European Reconnaissance of the Worlds Oceans
  
• The Technology of Exploration
• Navigational Instruments
• Knowledge of Winds and Currents

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Chapter Twenty-ThreeTransoceanic Encounters and
Global Connections

• The European Reconnaissance of the Worlds Oceans
  
• The Technology of Exploration
• Navigational Instruments
• Knowledge of Winds and Currents
• The volta do mar

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Chapter Twenty-ThreeTransoceanic Encounters and
Global Connections

• The European Reconnaissance of the Worlds Oceans
  
• Voyages of Exploration
• From the Mediterranean
• to the Atlantic

European Exploration in the Atlantic Ocean,
1486-1498 C.E.
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Chapter Twenty-ThreeTransoceanic Encounters and
Global Connections

• The European Reconnaissance of the Worlds Oceans
  
• Voyages of Exploration From the Mediterranean to
  the Atlantic
• Prince Henry of Portugal

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Chapter Twenty-ThreeTransoceanic Encounters and
Global Connections

• The European Reconnaissance of the Worlds Oceans
  
• Voyages of Exploration From the Mediterranean to
  the Atlantic
• Prince Henry of Portugal
• Vasco da Gama

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Chapter Twenty-ThreeTransoceanic Encounters and
Global Connections

• The European Reconnaissance of the Worlds Oceans
  
• Voyages of Exploration From the Mediterranean to
  the Atlantic
• Prince Henry of Portugal
• Vasco da Gama
• Christopher Columbus

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Chapter Twenty-ThreeTransoceanic Encounters and
Global Connections

• The European Reconnaissance of the Worlds Oceans
  
• Voyages of Exploration From the Mediterranean to
  the Atlantic
• Prince Henry of Portugal
• Vasco da Gama
• Christopher Columbus
• Hemispheric Links

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Chapter Twenty-ThreeTransoceanic Encounters and
Global Connections

• The European Reconnaissance of the Worlds Oceans
  
• Voyages of Exploration From the Atlantic to the
  Pacific
• Ferdinand Magellan

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Chapter Twenty-ThreeTransoceanic Encounters and
Global Connections

• The European Reconnaissance of the Worlds Oceans
  
• Voyages of Exploration From the Atlantic to the
  Pacific
• Ferdinand Magellan
• The Circumnavigation

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Chapter Twenty-ThreeTransoceanic Encounters and
Global Connections

• The European Reconnaissance of the Worlds Oceans
  
• Voyages of Exploration From the Atlantic to the
  Pacific
• Ferdinand Magellan
• The Circumnavigation
• Exploration of the Pacific

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Chapter Twenty-ThreeTransoceanic Encounters and
Global Connections

• The European Reconnaissance of the Worlds Oceans
  
• Voyages of Exploration From the Atlantic to the
  Pacific
• Ferdinand Magellan
• The Circumnavigation
• Exploration of the Pacific
• Captain James Cook

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Chapter Twenty-ThreeTransoceanic Encounters and
Global Connections

• Trade and Conflict in Early Modern Asia
• Trading-Post Empires
• Portugese Trading Posts

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Chapter Twenty-ThreeTransoceanic Encounters and
Global Connections

• Trade and Conflict in Early Modern Asia
• Trading-Post Empires
• Portugese Trading Posts
• Afonso dAlboquerque

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Chapter Twenty-ThreeTransoceanic Encounters and
Global Connections

• Trade and Conflict in Early Modern Asia
• Trading-Post Empires
• Portugese Trading Posts
• Afonso dAlboquerque
• English and Dutch Trading Posts

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Chapter Twenty-ThreeTransoceanic Encounters and
Global Connections

• Trade and Conflict in Early Modern Asia
• Trading-Post Empires
• Portugese Trading Posts
• Afonso dAlboquerque
• English and Dutch Trading Posts
• The Trading Companies

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Chapter Twenty-ThreeTransoceanic Encounters and
Global Connections

• Trade and Conflict in Early Modern Asia
• European Conquests in Southeast Asia
• Conquest of the Philippines

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Chapter Twenty-ThreeTransoceanic Encounters and
Global Connections

• Trade and Conflict in Early Modern Asia
• European Conquests in Southeast Asia
• Conquest of the Philippines
• Manila

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Chapter Twenty-ThreeTransoceanic Encounters and
Global Connections

• Trade and Conflict in Early Modern Asia
• European Conquests in Southeast Asia
• Conquest of the Philippines
• Manila
• Conquest of Java

The City of Batavia, ca. 1650
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Chapter Twenty-ThreeTransoceanic Encounters and
Global Connections

• Trade and Conflict in Early Modern Asia
• Commercial Rivalries and the Seven Years War
• Competition and Conflict

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Chapter Twenty-ThreeTransoceanic Encounters and
Global Connections

• Trade and Conflict in Early Modern Asia
• Commercial Rivalries and the Seven Years War
• Competition and Conflict
• The Seven Years War

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Chapter Twenty-ThreeTransoceanic Encounters and
Global Connections

• Trade and Conflict in Early Modern Asia
• Commercial Rivalries and the Seven Years War
• Competition and Conflict
• The Seven Years War
• British Hegemony

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Chapter Twenty-ThreeTransoceanic Encounters and
Global Connections

• Global Exchanges
• The Columbian Exchange
• Biological Exchanges

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Chapter Twenty-ThreeTransoceanic Encounters and
Global Connections

• Global Exchanges
• The Columbian Exchange
• Biological Exchanges
• Epidemic Diseases and Population Decline

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Chapter Twenty-ThreeTransoceanic Encounters and
Global Connections

• Global Exchanges
• The Columbian Exchange
• Biological Exchanges
• Epidemic Diseases and Population Decline
• Food Crops and Animals

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Chapter Twenty-ThreeTransoceanic Encounters and
Global Connections

• Global Exchanges
• The Columbian Exchange
• Biological Exchanges
• Epidemic Diseases and Population Decline
• Food Crops and Animals
• American Crops

American crops unknown to Europe
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Chapter Twenty-ThreeTransoceanic Encounters and
Global Connections

• Global Exchanges
• The Columbian Exchange
• Biological Exchanges
• Epidemic Diseases and Population Decline
• Food Crops and Animals
• American Crops
• Population Growth

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Chapter Twenty-ThreeTransoceanic Encounters and
Global Connections

• Global Exchanges
• The Columbian Exchange
• Biological Exchanges
• Epidemic Diseases and Population Decline
• Food Crops and Animals
• American Crops
• Population Growth
• Migration

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Chapter Twenty-ThreeTransoceanic Encounters and
Global Connections

• Global Exchanges
• The Origins of Global Trade
• Transoceanic Trade

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Chapter Twenty-ThreeTransoceanic Encounters and
Global Connections

• Sources From The Past
• Christopher Columbuss First Impression of
  American Peoples

They are very gentle and do not know what evil
is nor do they kill others, nor steal and they
are without weapons and so timid that a hundred
of them flee from one of our men even if our men
are teasing them... - Christopher Columbus
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Major lessons

• The 16th century marked the turning point at
  which Europeans began to systematically push
  outwards
• Expansion was a complex interaction of
  motivations trade, territory, religion, etc.
• Expansion was facilitated by scientific knowledge
  and nautical technology
• Expansion is best seen as interactions there
  were benefits and losses on both sides
• Not all European powers took the same approach to
  exploration and colonization
• Why did the Europeans succeed?

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