Presentation on AIT CRL Project under APTs HRD Program for Exchange of ICT Researchers and Engineers

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• Presentation on AIT CRL Project under APTs HRD
  Program for Exchange of ICT Researchers and
  Engineers
• By
• Kazi M. Ahmed
• Asian Institute of Technology, Thailand

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Project on Dissemination of Advanced Mobile
Communication Technologies in Asian Countries
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Outline of Presentation

• Background to the Project
• Implementation Phases of the Project
• Research Topics of the Students
• Accomplishments and Achievements

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Background

• April 2001 Asian Institute of
  Technology, an international institute of
  postgraduate studies in Thailand and
  Communications Research Laboratory, an
  independent administrative institution in Japan,
  signed an MoU to cooperate and collaborate
  through research and exchanges in the field of
  information and communication technologies.

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Background

• AIT and CRL agreed to launch immediately a new
  graduate course on Advanced Communications
  Technologies, to be offered by the CRL
  researchers at AIT, where the students are
  normally drawn from 30 to 40 countries of the
  Asia-Pacific region.
• It was also mutually agreed that both the parties
  will exchange researchers and for that will
  closely develop research topics to be pursued by
  the AIT students as their masters and doctoral
  thesis topics under the supervision of AIT
  faculty members and CRL researchers

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Background

• 17 December 2001 AIT and CRL submit a project
  proposal to APT titled Dissemination of
  Advanced Mobile Communication Technologies in
  Asian Countries, under the APT scheme on
  HRD Program for Exchange of ICT
  Researchers and Engineers.
• January to March 3 CRL researchers deliver a
  course on 2002 Advanced Wireless
  Communications Technologies to 36 AIT
  students coming from Bangladesh, China, India,
  Mongolia, Nepal, Philippines, Sri Lanka,
  Thailand and Vietnam.
• 4 March 2002 APT accepts the proposal, with the
  condition that the Project Final Report must
  be submitted by 31 May 2002.

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Objectives of the Project
The main objective of the project is to promote
dissemination of the state of the art research
results and knowledge in advanced mobile
communication technologies obtained by CRL in
Japan through collaboration and technical
exchanges between researchers of AIT and CRL.
AIT and CRL are the natural partners for the
dissemination of advanced knowledge in mobile
communication technologies because of AITs
unique roll as an international institute of
higher learning for the whole AP region and CRLs
unique position as the center of advanced
researches in communication technologies
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Project Implementation Phases

• Under mutual understanding, Dr. Toshio Ihara,
  Former Director, Yokosuka Radio Communications
  Research Center of CRL, Yokosuka Research Park,
  became the Team Leader from CRL side and, Dr.
  Kazi Ahmed, former Program Coordinator,
  Telecommunications Program, AIT, became the Team
  Leader from AIT side.
• AIT and CRL decided on two major issues for the
  implementation of the Project
• 1. Selection of appropriate student researchers
  from AIT
• 2. Selection of appropriate topics of research
  in the advanced mobile communications research
  area, which is of interest to CRL and AIT.
• (AIT decided to choose One Doctoral student from
  PR China and Two Masters students, one from
  Thailand and the other from Vietnam) This gave a
  good blend of nationalities for dissemination of
  Advanced Mobile Communication Technologies
  research .

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Project Team
Dr. Masayki Fujise Dr. Hiroyuki Tsuji Dr. Mikio
Hasegawa

• CRL Researchers

• AIT Faculty Members
• Dr. Kazi Ahmed
• Prof. A. B. Sharma
• Mr. Tapio Erke
• AIT Students
• Mr. Zhou Mingtuo (P. R. China) doctoral student
• Mr. Le Bao Long (Vietnam) masters student
• Mr. Alongkot Pholyiam (Thailand) masters
  student

• AIT Team

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Project Implementation Phases

• Initially, extensive e-mail exchanges between the
  CRL researchers and the AIT team for narrowing
  down the research topics
• Visit of AIT students to CRL at YRP ( for about a
  month)
• Visit of AIT faculty members to CRL-YRP to
  discuss and getting first hand knowledge of the
  work the students are doing
• Presentations by the AIT student researchers to
  CRL researchers at CRL-YRP
• Preparation and submission of the Final Report by
  the Team Leaders

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Important Dates

• 4 March 2002, the Project is approved.
• Students (one doctoral student and two masters
  students) were selected in March, 2002
• 26 April 2002 AIT student researchers are in
  YRP CRL
• 8 9 May 2002 - Discussion about collaboration
  and supervision for the students research work
  between CRL team and AIT team
• From last week of April to last week of May 2002
  - Students carried out research work in CRL YRP.
• 24 May students made presentations in CRL YRP
• 25 May 2002 Students came back to AIT.
• 31 May 2002 Final Report of the Project
  submitted

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Tentative Research Topics

• Through e-mail discussions, and prior to this,
  face to face discussion during the offering of
  the course, tentatively, 2 topics were chosen
• Application of antenna arrays in mobile
  communications, and
• Radio over Fiber in picocellular systems under
  the area of Intelligent Transport Systems

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Activities of AIT researchers in Japan

• The topics of research were finally decided in
  the area of
• - Intelligent Transport Systems (in the area of
  Radio over Fiber)
• Adaptive Antenna Arrays (in the Localization of
  Mobile Stations by Smart Antennas)
• The AIT Team during their visit to CRL in early
  May extensively discussed with the students and
  the CRL researchers on the research topics.
•  
• Mr. Mingtuo chose to work on Radio over Fiber
  under Dr. Fujises supervision. He is a Doctoral
  student working with Dr. A. B. Sharma of AIT
  Team.
•  
• Mr. Long and Mr. Pholyiam (Alongkot) chose to
  work under Dr. Tsujis supervision. They are
  Masters students working with Dr. Kazi Ahmed.
• Mr. Long and Mr. Pholyiam (Alongkot) proposed
  some new and different ways to determine the
  mobile location by using adaptive antenna array
  techniques.
• Mr. Mingtuo proposed a novel configuration for
  Radio Over Fiber Transmission
• The students spent a full month in CRL YRP and
  made successful presentations to the CRL
  researchers before they returned back to AIT on
  25 May 2002.

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Possibility of Ray Tracing for Mobile
Localization (Proposed By Mr. Long)

• Use ray tracing tool to construct the accurate
  Path loss map and compare with the value
  measured at some BSs to search the location of
  mobile terminal
• Current techniques with limited accuracy can be
  used as the initial step to restrict the
  searching area and reduce the possibility of
  mismatch

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Estimation of TOA (Time of Arrival) and AOA
(Angle of Arrival) for Mobile Localization (Propos
ed By Mr. Pholyiam)

• If the antenna array at the BS is available,
  famous algorithms (such as MUSIC, Capon, Maximum
  likelihood, etc) can be used to estimate each of
  them or joint-estimate both for main multipath
  components
• If antenna array is not available, timing
  advance (for GSM system) or correlators (for CDMA
  systems), for example, can be employed to
  estimate TOA

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The Importance of Mobile Localization

• Stimulated by U. S. FCC which required wireless
  operators provide location of emergency mobile
  callers
• Besides, the potential commercial market of
  this technology is estimated up to several
  billions US dollars
• The potential applications are location-based
  billing strategy, against cellular phone fraud
  problem, effective resource management and cell
  tuning, fleet operations , Intelligent Transport
  System (ITS) applications, etc

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Mobile Localization Techniques

• Consisting two main components
• Primary parameter estimation
• Can be Signal Strength (SS)
• Angle of arrival (AOA)
• Time of arrival (TOA)
• Time difference of arrival (TDOA)
• Location estimation algorithm
• Use estimated primary parameters to determine
  mobile location

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• The way to determine mobile location by using TOA
  and AOA
• Because the TOA (propagation time) is
  proportional to real distance between BS and MS,
  TOA gives distance between them. Three BSs can
  determine mobile location. Similarly, two AOAs
  give two lines of bearing and can also locate the
  mobile location.

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• In multipath environment, the direct (Line of
  sight) path is not always available. What we can
  get at BS is TOA and AOA of many delayed
  components

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• What we can do to estimate TOA and/or AOA
• If the antenna array at the BS is available,
  famous algorithms (such as MUSIC, Capon, Maximum
  likelihood, etc) can be used to estimate each of
  them or joint-estimate both for main multipath
  components
• If antenna array is not available, timing advance
  (for GSM system) or correlators (for CDMA
  systems), for example, can be employed to
  estimate TOA

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• Powerful algorithms for estimating mobile
  location using primary parameters such as TOA,
  AOA, TDOA are still underway
• The accuracy of location estimator in scale of
  meters may only be achieved by incorporating site
  specific information offered by techniques like
  ray tracing
• Introduction about ray tracing
• Ray tracing uses digital map which includes the
  building layout of the concerned area and
  estimates the channel characteristics by
  incorporating all possible paths connecting
  transmitter and receiver points.
• The common channel characteristics can be
  estimated are
• Path loss
• Power delay profile

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• The possible paths can be direct, reflected,
  diffracted, scattered paths found by
  incorporating real building lay out like in the
  following figure

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• Possibility of using ray tracing for searching
  the location of mobile

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Possibility of ray tracing for mobile localization

• Use ray tracing tool to construct the accurate
  Path loss map and compare with the value
  measured at some BSs to search the location of
  mobile terminal
• Current techniques with limited accuracy can be
  used as the initial step to restrict the
  searching area and reduce the possibility of
  mismatch

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Proposed novel configuration for ROF
Transmission (Proposed By Mr. Mingtuo)
ROF Transmission Incorporating Two MZMs in
Parallel (1)
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More Over

• Mr. Mingtuo planned to cooperate with CRL to do
  experiment about the proposed configuration
• Meetings were held for introducing the circuit
  configuration to the wireless access group leader
  at Yokosuka Radio Communication Research Center
• A presentation of details had been done to
  introduce more details on the configuration to
  the group members, and they discussed this scheme
• Experimental setup and device requirements had
  been proposed for future work

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Contributions of the Novel Configuration to
Wireless Communications

• This configuration can be used for high rate
  (622Mbit/s) BPSK data transmission from central
  station to base stations in a wireless access
  system, thus it enables high-rate access of
  mobile users, broad band mobile services such as
  www, email, video broadcasting, etc.
• By this configuration, the base station can be
  very simple, thus the access system cost can be
  largely reduced.
• Fiber delivery has very low transmission loss,
  thus this configuration also overcomes the severe
  limitation on the allowed repeater-less distance
  for connecting the central office to base
  stations by using radio links at millimetre-wave
  band.
• Fiber has very large transmission bandwidth, the
  data rate can be further improved in future.
• Fiber delivery are immune to electromagnetic
  interference.
• Radio-frequency signals can be amplified in
  optical domain by using EDFA or Roman amplifier.

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Accomplishments and Achievements from the Project

• Within a very short time, the results and
  experience of high-level research from CRL are
  disseminated to students from China, Vietnam and
  Thailand.
• Through these exchanges, a very close relation
  has been established between the researchers of
  CRL and faculty members of AIT.
• The results and idea of the research topics
  created by the students can be successfully
  continued with other students from other
  countries studying at the Telecommunications
  Program of AIT.
• A very useful and easy method of knowledge
  dissemination from CRL to the different countries
  of Asia can be established.
• A cultural friendship is established among the
  researchers from different countries of Asia.

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Conclusion
The AIT-CRL Project on the Dissemination of
Advanced Mobile Communications Technologies in
Asian Countries under the APT Project on HRD
Program for Exchange of ICT Researchers and
Engineers has been a great success. One doctoral
student from China, one masters student from
Vietnam and one masters students from Thailand
have been exposed to the most advanced researches
in the mobile communications area and with fast
PCs and appropriate software they would be able
to further progress in these fields of research.
They would disseminate their knowledge to the
university in China, to the Vietnam
Telecommunications Institute and to the Telephone
Organization of Thailand, from where these
students come in their respective countries.
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We are extremely thankful to APT and to the
Government of Japan for giving us this support to
start such a significant relation between CRL and
AIT.