Interactive Lecture Quiz

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Interactive Lecture Quiz 8 on Chapters 16 24-
Blood Coagulation and the Immune Response

• Spring, 2008
• By Patricia L. Mansfield, Ph.D.
• Directions. Take this quiz using your powerpoint
  viewer to test yourself and to get immediate
  feedback on your answer choice.
• I obtained some figures, animations or videos
  from internet classes or from your textbook
  author to demonstrate the important principles
  covered in this quiz.

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4/27/2008
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• Which of the following plays
• a role in coagulation?
• a. erythrocytes b. thrombocytes
• c. lymphocyte d. neutrophil

• What is the aka for thrombocyte?
• Are thrombocytes cells?

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2. What initiates the intrinsic pathway for
blood clotting?a. plasmin b. platelet
aggregation c. prothrombin d. collagen

• Now, answer the same question for the extrinsic
  pathway.

• Do not memorize the order of activation of the
  clotting factors. ?

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Overview of Hemostasis Clot Formation Vessel
Repairand ANALYSIS WITH THE HOMEOSTASIS MODEL
Figure 16-11 Overview of hemostasis and tissue
repair
Error
Stimulus
Because the control system is a paracrine, local
reaction, there is no afferent or efferent
pathway.
Sensor
Efferent pathway
Output
Feedback Element
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3. What is the main role of the common
pathway?a. activate Hageman factor b.
hemolysis c. fibrinolysisd. conversion of
prothrombin to thrombin e. anticoagulation
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4. Production of the platelet plug is an example
of ______.a. positive feedback b. negative
feedback c. either depending upon which pathway
was activated
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5. Which of the following is a cell?a. virus
b. bacterium c. protozoan d. fungus e.
all of these EXCEPT a virus
A paramecium is a eucaryotic cell!
FUNGI-- MUSHROOMS PENICILLIN
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5. Which of the following is a cell?a. virus
b. bacterium c. protozoan d. fungus e.
all of these EXCEPT a virus
Are bacteria taking over the world! Read the
information about MRSA, nosocomial infections
and staphylococcus areus in general at
www.genomic.ch/staphylococcus.php
Another nosocomial infection? Per an Email I
received this morning (4-29-08) from Kathy,
another multi-resistant bacterium may be worse
then the current ones.   Do some research on
Acinetobacter calcoaceticus when you have time.
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6. Cells called macrophages function as
_________.a. phagocytes b. cytotoxic cells c.
antigen-presenting cells d. a and c e. all of
these

• WAYS TO LOOK AT IMMUNE SYSTEM CELLS
• Phagocytes neutrophils, eosinophils, monocytes
  and macrophages
• Types of macrophages patrolling and fixed
• Antigen-presenting cells monocytes/macrophages,
  dendritic cells, lymphocytes/plasma cells

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7. Cytotoxic-T cells are a type of ______.a.
neutrophil b. eosinophil c. lymphocyte
d. basophil e. none of these 

• WAYS TO LOOK AT IMMUNE SYSTEM CELLS
• Classes of Leucocytes Granular, Agranular
• Phagocytes neutrophils, eosinophils,
  monocytes/macrophages
• Types of macrophages patrolling and fixed
• Antigen-presenting cells monocytes/macrophages,
  dendritic cells, lymphocytes/plasma cells
• Cytotoxic cells eosinophils, lymphocytes
• Types of lymphocytes NK cells, TH(HELPER),
  TC(CYTOXIC), B, plasma, memory-T, memory-B
• Blood cells in tissues lymphocytes (most in
  lymphoid tissues, GALT), eosinophils basophils
  in skin/lungs/GIT, dendritic cells in skin
  (Langerhans cells)
• GALT- gut-associated lymphatic tissue GIT-
  gastrointestinal tract

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8. What is complement? a. a group of blood
proteins b. specialized type of erythrocyte
c. an immunoglobulin d. a hormone e. all
of these
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9. The term major histocompatibility complex or
MHC refers to _____. a. antibodies b.
antigens c. either d. neither
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10. Which reaction forms part of a local
inflammatory response?a. vasodilation b.
vasoconstriction c. platelet aggregation
d. complement fixation

• Classical Terms Rubor, Dolor, Tumor, Calor

• Inflammatory Response Cytokines Signal
  Initiation
• Histamines from mast cells ? swelling, edema,
  blood vessel dilation
• Interleukins from NK cells and others ? fever,
  ?b.v. gaps ? WBC's proteins ? infection
• Bradykinin pain swelling
• Membrane attack complex proteins
• Bullet points per Silverthorn powerpoint slide.

Best definition of a cytokine chemical made by
one cell that stimulates a response in another
cell.
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Inflammatory Response Cytokines Signal
Initiation
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11. Never let monkeys eat bananas is a memory
cue that expresses _____.
11-13. Matching. Use the key below to match the
statement with the condition. a. the normal
frequency of leucocyte types. b. an altered
frequency of leucocyte types during a parasitic
infection. c. an altered frequency of leucocotye
types during a bacterial infection d.
degranulation of mast cells
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12. Eosinophils increase in frequency
11-13. Matching. Use the key below to match the
statement with the condition. a. the normal
frequency of leucocyte types. b. an altered
frequency of leucocyte types during a parasitic
infection. c. an altered frequency of leucocotye
types during a bacterial infection d.
degranulation of mast cells

• KILLING PARASITES
• Antigen-presentation activates TH cells
• TH cell activation triggers B cell clonal
  expansion
• Plasma cells produce antibodies
• Eosinophils kill antibody-coated parasites by
  degranulating on their surface.

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13. Inverted differential in which lymphocytes
are more frequent than neutrophils
11-13. Matching. Use the key below to match the
statement with the condition. a. the normal
frequency of leucocyte types. b. an altered
frequency of leucocyte types during a parasitic
infection. c. an altered frequency of leucocotye
types during a bacterial infection d.
degranulation of mast cells

• KILLING BACTERIA-- Interaction of Antigen
  Presenting Cells and T-helper Cells (799.0K)
  
• Macrophages including neutrophils
  activatedphagocytosis/ inflammatory response
• Lysozyme
• Mast cells trigger inflammatory response
• Complement activated, coats, attacks
  unencapsulated bacteria
• Antigen-presentation activates TH cells
• TH cell activation triggers B cell clonal
  expansion
• Plasma cells produce antibodies
• Complement attacks antibody-coated encapsulated
  bacteria
• Antibodies coat immediately if repeat
  presentation

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Defenses against Bacteria
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Viral Defense Summary of Innate Acquired
Responses
Figure 24-18 Immune responses to viruses
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Defense against Fungihttp//www.erj.ersjournals.
com/cgi/content-nw/full/19/1/151/F1
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Allergic Response Inflammation Reaction to
Non-pathogen

• ALLERGIC REACTIONS-- IgE Mediated
  Hypersensitivity (1030.0K)
• Allergens enter body
• Eosinophils release toxic enzymes?inflammation/ti
  ssue damage
• Antigen-presenting cells activated
• TH cell reponse/B cell response
• IgE Antibody production
• Mast cells and histamine release

Figure 24-19 Allergic responses
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Answers
1. B 6. D 11. A 2. D 7. C 12. B 3. D 8.
A 13. C 4. A 9. B 5. E 10. A
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LIFE CYCLE OF ERYTHRO-CYTES RBCs live about
120 days.
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LIFE CYCLE OF ERYTHROCYTES Erythrocytes live for
approximately 120 days. Fixed phagocytes lining
liver sinusoids (Kupffer cells), the sinusoids in
spleen, and in bone marrow destroy them.

• Each of the 280 million hemoglobin molecules in
  an RBC dissociates into 4 globins and 1 heme. The
  globin protein is returned to the amino acid
  pools of the body.
• The iron portion of the heme part is returned to
  the bone marrow for recyclying.
• The pigment portion of the heme part moves into
  bilirubin, which is secreted into bile by
  hepatocytes.

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Blood Types with their Antigens and
AntibodiesGeneral Rule Antibody binds to Antigen
Antibodies to the Rh antigen occur ONLY after
exposure of an Rh negative person to the Rh
antigen.