2002 IMECE,

1
The History of Engineering Radiation Heat Transfer

• John R. Howell
• The University of Texas at Austin
• USA

2
Radiation history begins much earlier than for
other modes

• Experiments and observations with light
• Discovery of the IR, UV spectral regions
• Quantifying the basic phenomena (energy vs. T,
  wavelength, transfer among surfaces)
• Engineering applications of the physics

3
Isaac Newton and the corpuscular theory
Sir Isaac Newton (1642-1727)
4
Huyghens disagrees with Newton, proposes light is
made of waves
Christiaan Huyghens (1629-1695)
5
Lambert shows the variation of radiation with
surface angle
Johann Heinrich Lambert (1728-1777)
6
Sir William Herschel (1738-1822)discovers
invisible light
7
Herschels Experiment uncovers the infrared
spectrum
8
Nobili and Melloni provide the accurate tools
Macedonio Melloni (1798-1854)
Leopoldo Nobili (1784-1835)
9
John William Draper (1811-1882) just misses the
T4 relation (1847)
10
Kirchhoff describes the relations between surface
properties
Gustav Kirchhoff (1824-1887)
11
Stefan and Boltzmann find the Fourth Power Law
Josef Stefan 1835-1893
Ludwig Boltzmann 1844-1906
12
John Ericssons Hot Air Engine after the Monitor
John Ericsson 1803-1899
13
James Clerk Maxwell solidifies EM Theory
James Clerk Maxwell 1831-1879
14
Lummer and Pringsheim measure the Blackbody
Spectrum
Ernst Pringsheim 1859-1917
Otto Lummer 1860-1925
Lummer-type photometer
15
Lord Rayleigh, Sir James Jeans and Willy Wien try
to derive the blackbody characteristics
Wien (1864-1928)
Rayleigh (1842-1919)
Jeans (1877-1946)
16
Max Planck ponders the Blackbody Spectral
Distribution
Max Planck 1858-1947
17
Comparing classical approaches with the quantum
result
18
Hoyt Hottel initiates Engineering Radiation Heat
Transfer
Hoyt C. Hottel (1903-1998)
19
Space-related Thermal Control drives research on
radiation
20
Advanced Propulsion SystemsSolid-Core Nuclear
Rockets
21
Advanced Propulsion SystemsGas-Core Nuclear
Rockets
22
Continued Development of Solar Energy Applications
23
Manufacturing processes IR-Cure-Initiated
Filament Winding
Tin
24
Applications Driving Present Research

• Advanced manufacturing methods
• semiconductor wafers, chips, circuit boards,
  laser- surface interactions
• Micro- and nanoscale interactions
• Thermal stresses in large-scale structures
  (space station)
• Radiation in large fires and combustion systems
• Radiative transfer effects at higher
  temperatures
• utility furnaces, jet engines

25
Applications Driving Present Research (Cont.)

• Improved spectral full-field radiative diagnostic
  techniques
• Continued improvement of analytical techniques
  and experimental and predictive sources for
  radiative transfer data
• anisotropic scattering
• spectral properties