COMMUNICABLE DISEASES

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COMMUNICABLE DISEASES

• Presenter
• Mr. Dudley Freeman
• Director of Staff Development
• OKLAHOMA CITY COMMUNITY COLLEGE
• AS, BS, MS, OSHA Certified Trainer

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Helpful Terminology

• Antibodies infection fighting proteins produced
  by white blood cells that fight bacterial
  infections.
• Antibiotics medicines that help fight bacterial
  infections.
• Immune system body system for fighting
  infections.

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Helpful Terminology

• Immunization (vaccination) specific substance
  containing weakened or killed pathogens given to
  build resistance to A given infection.
• Infection condition caused by pathogenic
  material in the body.
• Exposure coming into contact with A pathogenic
  material.

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Pathogens

• What are they?
• What can they do to you?

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Types Of Pathogens

• Virus A parasitic microscopic protein material
  (DNA or RNA) covered by an envelope of
  lipoprotein. Nonliving.
  
• Bacteria one-celled living organism.
• Fungi single and multi-celled plants.
• Yeast one celled , oval shaped fungus.
  
• Mold A growth of fungi.

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How Pathogens Enter The Body

• Alimentary canal (airborne).
• Parenteral openings (direct and indirect).
• Vector transmission (bites and scratches from
  insects, animals, etc.).
• Through mucous membranes. In mouth, nose, and
  eyes (direct and indirect).
• By sexual contact (direct).

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Illnesses They Cause

• Virus measles, colds, mumps, influenza, polio,
  hepatitis A, B, C, D, E, G, meningitis, herpes,
  and others.
• Bacteria food poisoning, Strep, tetanus,
  scarlet fever, hepatitis, whooping cough,
  malaria, tuberculosis, diphtheria, meningitis,
  etc.
• Yeasts molds athletes foot, ringworm, yeast
  infections, meningitis others.

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Conditions For Illness

• A pathogen must be present.
• Must be enough of it to overcome immune system.
• The victim must be susceptible to the pathogen.
• The pathogen must pass through the correct portal
  of entry.

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Pathogen Control

• Personal protective equipment.
• Good preventive practices.
• Engineering controls.
• Administrative processes.
• Healthy lifestyle.

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Pathogen Control

• Personal hygiene (proper hand washing is best
  deterrent to infectious diseases).
• Heating for one minute at or above 180º F. Will
  kill.
• A 110 solution of household bleach and water is
  A good and inexpensive disinfectant.

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Symptoms Of Viruses

• Flu-like, fatigue, appetite loss
• Colon ulcers inflammation
• Lung disease, anemia increase
• Jaundice Liver problems
• Fever, acne, and joint pain.

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Symptoms Of Viruses

• Diseases caused may be acute or chronic.
• Most are very contagious.
• No medicinal treatment or cure for viral
  diseases.
• Must treat the symptoms, not the disease.

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Hepatitis A, B, C, D, E, G Viruses

• Causes liver (and other) infections.
• Forms cannot be identified without testing.
• Acquired primarily through
• Fecal-oral route (A).
• Human blood contact or other body fluids (B).
• Human blood (C).

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Tuberculosis

• Bacterial infection of respiratory system.
• Bacteria usually airborne.
• Transmitted by airborne mist droplets or
  particles.
• Infectious, but treatable.
• Cough usually chronic. May or may not be
  productive.

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Tuberculosis Symptoms

• Fatigue, listlessness, malaise.
• Fever and night sweats .
• Weight loss.
• Victim usually quarantined.
• Very treatable, but must follow regimen.