Universal Breakfast

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Universal Breakfast
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What is Universal Breakfast?

• Breakfast is available at no cost to all
  students, regardless of their household income.
• An accurate meal count must be taken at the point
  of service.

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What is Universal Breakfast?

• Meals are counted and claimed for federal
  reimbursement according to correct income
  category- free, reduced or paid eligibility
  status. If operational costs exceed revenue, then
  the school district must make up the difference
  to the schools non-profit food service account
  from non-federal sources. 

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Why Universal Breakfast?

• Universal Breakfast dramatically increases
  student participation.
• Universal Breakfast improves student achievement,
  diets, and behavior.

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Where Does Universal Breakfast Work Best?

• In schools with greater than 70 of students
  eligible for free and reduced price meals.
• Schools with fewer eligible students have
  operated the program successfully.
• Individual circumstances should be evaluated.

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Factors Contributing to Success of Universal
Breakfast

• Reduces stigma
• Support of school personnel
• Flexibility
• Offer appealing choices
• Reduction in competition

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Universal Breakfast Serving Methods

• Traditional breakfast in the cafeteria
• In the classroom during school hours
• Grab n Go from a central location
• Mid-morning, after 1st period
• Menus depend on the serving style

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Classroom ComponentEnhances Success

• Serving Universal Breakfast in the classroom
  enhances breakfast success.
• Baltimore City
• A school that switched to Universal Breakfast in
  the cafeteria increased participation 5.
• A school that offered Universal Breakfast in the
  classroom saw participation rate triple.

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Increases Student Breakfast Participation

• Removes stigma
• Increased revenue and economies of scale
• USDA Universal Free School Breakfast Program
  Pilot Project showed
• Paid-eligible participation increased fourfold
• Free and reduced price eligible participation
  doubled

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Financial Benefits of an Effective Breakfast
Program

• By maximizing breakfast participation food
  service directors receive
• The greatest amount of federal reimbursement and
  student payments.
• Greater cafeteria staff efficiency resulting in
  more meals per labor hour.

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Financial Benefits of Increasing School Breakfast
Participation

• Provides additional revenue stream to the school
  district
• Creates or expands jobs
• Increases overall financial stability of
  foodservice
• Brings money into the local economy

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Labor Costs

• Universal Breakfast can potentially lower labor
  costs
• No longer collect money
• Speeds-up service
• Participation rises increasing meals/labor hour
  while decreasing labor cost/meal

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Determining Labor Needs

• Location
• Service method
• Menu selections
• Participation levels
• Training/skills of personnel

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Profit and Loss Worksheet
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Minimum Participation Break-Even Sample
Calculations

• Step One Calculating Per Meal Cost Without Labor

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Minimum Participation Break-Even Sample
Calculations

• Step Two Calculating Per Meal Income Without
  Labor

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Minimum Participation Break-Even Sample
Calculations

• Step Three Minimum Amount of Labor Needed

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Minimum Participation Break-Even Sample
Calculations

• Step Four Minimum Amount of Participation

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School Breakfast ProgramCost/Benefit Analysis

• Access through USDA School Breakfast Toolkit
• www.fns.usda.gov/cnd/Breakfast

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Phasing in Universal Breakfast

• Eliminate reduced price breakfast
• Students qualifying for reduced price meals
  receive their breakfast for free, while full
  priced students continue to pay.
• Federal reimbursements may be enough to offset
  the cost due to increased participation.
• Note District must pay the difference for all
  breakfasts distributed to reduced-priced eligible
  and paid students.

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Conclusion

• Many schools are implementing strategies to
  increase student participation in School
  Breakfast Programs.

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Universal Breakfast

• Email Questions to
• MDE-SchoolNutrition_at_michigan.gov