Regions of Texas

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Regions of Texas
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How many regions are in Texas?
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Great Plains
North Central Plains
Mountains and Basins
Coastal Plains
What region is Fort Worth in?
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Can you name the 4 Regions of Texas?
Great Plains
North Central Plains
Mountains and Basins
Coastal Plains
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Texas Regions
North Central Plains
Great Plains
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2
3
4
Coastal Plains
Mountains and Basins
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• Texas is a vast state made up of many different
  natural elements and terrains.
• The 3 largest states in the United States are
• 1st largest is .
• 2nd largest is ..
• 3rd largest is ..

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• Texas is the 2nd largest state in the United
  States.
• Traveling across Texas you will see everything
  from forests to mountains to beaches to plains.

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• What region do we live in?
• North Central Plains Region
• The 4 Regions of Texas are
• Great Plains
• North Central Plains
• Coastal Plains
• Mountains and Basins

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Regions of Texas

• Each region has different natural resources.
• This allows Texas to be one of the most
  self-sufficient states in the country.
• Do you know what SELF-SUFFICIENT means?

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NORTH CENTRAL PLAINS
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NORTH CENTRAL PLAINS

• Location
• Center part of the state
• Hill Country in the southern part
• Bordered by the Cap Rock Escarpment on the west
• Bordered by the Balcones Escarpment on the east

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North Central PlainsCities

• Austin
• Waco
• Fredericksburg
• Llano
• Fort Worth
• Wichita Falls
• Abilene
• The Hill Country is a popular name for the area
  of hills along the Balcones Fault and is a
  transitional area between the Great Plains and
  the Gulf Coastal Plains.

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North Central PlainsPhysical Features

• Prairies
• Forests in the Cross Timbers
• Rolling Plains and Hills
• Variety of trees
• Small shrubs
• Limestone rock
• - Thick grass

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NORTH CENTRAL PLAINS PHYSICAL FEATURES AFFECT
INDUSTRY

• Rich soils support farm industries
• Natural resources have spurred other industries

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NORTH CENTRAL PLAINSSUBREGIONS

• This region is divided into
• 3 subregions
• Grand Prairie
• Cross Timbers
• Rolling Plains

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NORTH CENTRAL PLAINS HAS 3 SUBREGIONS

• GRAND PRAIRIE flat and rolling hills,
  grasslands suited for livestock
• CROSS TIMBERS sandy soil good for farming a
  variety of crops
• ROLLING PLAINS grasslands hilly terrain steep
  valley rivers suited for cattle and ranches

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north Central Plains
well suited for cattle, otherlivestock Fort
Worth is a largemeat-processing center
limits crops that can be grownto mainly crops
for animal feedcotton in some areas
absorbs water wellvery good for farming many
crops grown from peanuts to corn, cotton, hay
well suited for cattle (valleysshelter
grasslands and riversfood and water) contains
many of the states largest ranches
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NORTH CENTRAL PLAINSCLIMATE

• Sub tropical
• Cold winters
• Hottest summer temperatures in the state
• 20-30 inches of rainfall a year
• Violent storms and tornadoes

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North Central Plains Climate
Central Texas is shaped by its many rivers and
hills. In a single year the region can receive up
to 48 inches of rain, and flooding is common
near rivers and in low lying areas.
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North Central Plains

• In the summer, one of the favorite activities is
  floating down a creek or river in an inner tube.
• Spring is a time for residents to drive the
  winding back roads and take in the rainbow of
  colors produced by the blooming wildflowers,
  including Bluebonnets and Indian paintbrush.
• In the fall and winter, hunters visit in hopes of
  taking home a white-tailed deer.
• Some of the favorite local cuisines are barbecue
  and a variation on traditional Mexican food
  affectionately referred to as Tex-Mex.

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NORTH CENTRAL PLAINSPLANTS
-bluebonnets -Indian Paintbrush -Texas
Oak Trees -Mesquite Trees
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North Central Plains Plants
Indian Blanket
Standing Cypress
Blue Sage
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North Central Plains Animals

• Bobcat
• White-tailed deer
• Turkeys
• Screech Owl
• Mexican Freetail Bat
• Cliff Swallow

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And the road runner.
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The real road runner
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NORTH CENTRAL PLAINSANIMALS

• -Bobcat
• -White-tailed deer
• -Turkeys
• -Screech Owl

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NORTH CENTRAL PLAINS AGRICULTURE

• Cattle, goats, sheep, cotton, grain sorghum,
  oats, pecans, hay, peaches, cedar trees, wheat,
  corn, peanuts
• Fertile soil, beef, wool, mohair from angora
  goats, oil in some areas

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• NORTH CENTRAL PLAINS ECONOMY
• The fertile soil produces crops for a large
  portion of its industry

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NORTH CENTRAL PLAINS

• Crops Cotton, corn, and other grains.
• Resources Limestone, sand, gravel, oil, gas,
  and clay.
• Grow Peaches, hay, peanuts, wheat, and sorghum.

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Where are the North Central Plains?
North Central Plains
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North Central Plains
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COASTAL PLAINS
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COASTAL PLAINS

• largest of the 4 Texas regions

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Location of Coastal Plains

• Covers 1/3 of the land of Texas
• Northeast border is the Sabine River
• Southeast border is the Gulf of Mexico
• West border is the Balcones Escarpment
• The Coastal Plains reaches inland, away from the
  coast about 250 miles

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COASTAL PLAINS CITIES

• Austin
• Brownsville
• Dallas
• Houston
• San Antonio
• Tyler
• Texarkana
• Corpus Christi

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Coastal PlainsPhysical Features

• Woods Forest
• Beaches
• Grassy Plains and Prairies
• Has lots of fishing and shrimping
• It is the largest of the four regions in Texas
• Gets the most rainfall
• Has citrus groves

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COASTAL PLAINS

• This region is divided into
• 5 subregions
• Piney Woods
• Gulf Coastal Plains South Texas Plains
• Post Oak Belt
• Black land Prairie

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COASTAL PLAINS SUBREGIONS

• Piney Woods pine forest, farming, timber
• Gulf Coast Plain prairie, bayous, farming,
  ranching, fishing, ports, oil, petrochemicals
• South Texas Plains warm dry climate, year-round
  farming, ranches
• Post Oak Belt sandy soils, prairies, farming,
  energy resources
• Blackland Prairie rich soil, large population,
  manufacturing

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The Coastal Plains
timber, farming (fruits, vegetables), cattle
ranching, oil
farming (rice, cotton, grains), livestock,
fishing, shrimping, center of oil industry,
petrochemicals, ports and shipping
farming (Rio Grande valley fruit, vegetables,
sugar-cane) ranching retail and international
trade tourism military bases (San Antonio)
farming (cotton), corn, cattle, hogs) mining
(oil,gas, lignite) manufacturing
farming (cotton, grains, vegetables, cattle,
chickens, hogs) Dallas/Metroplex banking,
insurance, and oil corporate headquarters,
international cotton market,manufacturing,
transportation hub
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COASTAL PLAINS

• The land along the Gulf Coast is very near sea
  level. It is hard for water to drain off the
  land, since there is nowhere lower for the water
  to go. Much of the coast of Texas is made up of
  marshes----wetlands where a variety of tall
  grasses grow.

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COASTAL PLAINS CLIMATE

• -Hot and damp, humid
• -Tornadoes, hurricanes
• More rain and violent storms
• than any other region
• -30-55 inches of rain per year
• Warm in the South
• Cold in the North

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COASTAL PLAINSPLANTS

• The land along the Gulf Coast is very near sea
  level. It is hard for water to drain off the
  land, since there is nowhere lower for the water
  to go. Much of the coast of Texas is made up of
  marshes----wetlands where a variety of tall
  grasses grow.

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COASTAL PLAINS ANIMALS

• Many kinds of animals live in the coastal plains
  region
• Quail, Hawks, Owls, Bald Eagles and hundreds of
  other birds
• White tail deer
• Foxes, Bobcats, Skunks
• River otters
• Alligators in the marshes!!! Some weigh up to
  500 lbs!!!

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Coastal Plains Animals.
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COASTAL PLAINSAGRICULTURE

• Timber, dairy, cattle, hogs, poultry, grain,
  sorghum, cotton, corn, peanuts, roses, fruits,
  hay, fish, sheep, wheat, vegetables, rice,
  citrus, and shrimp
• People, lots of rain, rivers, lumber and paper
  mills, chemical plants, ports, and oil

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• COASTAL PLAINS
• Economy Way of life
• fishing, timber, oil and gas
• The gulf coast is a major center of economic
  activity. The marshlands provide breeding
  grounds for ocean life, which make the fish and
  shrimp businesses very important.
• The port of Houston is one of the 10 busiest
  ports in the world.

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COASTAL PLAINS

• Oil and Gas
• Along the coastal region you will find many
  oil
• rigs that are on-shore and off-shore.
• The ocean gives easy access to ship the oil
  and gas to where it needs to go.

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THE GULF COAST PLAINS ADAPTS TO ENVIRONMENT

• Houston petrochemicals, shipping, manufacturing
  
• Dallas banking, manufacturing, corporate
  headquarters
• Laredo trade, farming
• San Antonio tourism, military, retail

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Where are the Coastal Plains?
Coastal Plains
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Coastal Plains
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GREAT PLAINS
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• GREAT PLAINS
• Region is located mostly in the panhandle area of
  Texas.
• This area is very flat with a high elevation that
  features canyons. It is a barren area with very
  few trees.

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GREAT PLAINSLOCATION

• Texas Panhandle to the north
• Cap Rock Escarpment on the east
• -Northeast Texas
• -Colorado and Red Rivers are the
  borders.

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GREAT PLAINS CITIES

• -Amarillo
• -Lubbock
• -Odessa
• Abilene
• Midland
• -San Angelo
• -Wichita Falls

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PHYSICAL FEATURES OF THE GREAT PLAINS

• Panhandle area of Texas
• Highest Elevation in Texas
• High and flat treeless plains and grasslands
• Caprock Escarpments with elevation rising to the
  east
• Balcones Escarpments along the eastern and
  western edges
• Red River forms Palo Duro Canyon

Caprock hard bed of rock below the soil of the
High Plains Escarpment cliffs
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GREAT PLAINSGEOGRAPHIC FEATURES

• -Rolling grassy lands
• -Thick grasses
• -Cross Timbers area - large areas of hardwood
  trees
• -Limestone rock
• -Higher elevation because limestone doesn't
  wear down easily

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GREAT PLAINS

• This region is
• divided into
• 3 subregions
• High Plains
• Edwards Plateau
• Llano Basin

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The Great Plains
high flat, Caprock prairie with elevation rising
to east escarpmentson eastern, western edges
Red River forms Palo Duro Canyonlittle
rainfall oil and gas
high, hilly limestone plateau rising and getting
more rugged to westBalcones Escarpment and
Fault, many springs on southern edgemany areas
rocky with thin soil prairie grasses trees
rivers, streamsform deep valleys and canyons
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GREAT PLAINS

• Climate
• Windy, Dry Air
• Tornadoes
• Very cold in winter
• Very hot in summer
• Coldest region of Texas
• 15-20 inches of rainfall a year
• Violent sand, snow, and rain storms

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GREAT PLAINS PLANTS

• -Prickly pear
• -Yucca
• -Indian Paintbrush
• -Cactus

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GREAT PLAINS ANIMALS

• Pronghorn
• Prarie Dog
• Snakes
• Toads

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Great Plains Economy Way of Life

• Cattle ranching and cotton farming are major
  sources of commerce in this area
• Farming - fruits, vegetables, watermelons, oats
• Ranching - cattle, angora goats (mohair)
• Cedar trees - fenceposts
• Oil and gas

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TEXANS HAVE ADAPTED TO THE ENVIRONMENT OF THE
GREAT PLAINS

• Used grasslands for farming
• Pumped water for irrigating crops
• Drilled for oil and gas
• Built cities

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Where are the Great Plains?
Great Plains
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Great Plains
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MOUNTAINS AND BASINS
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MOUNTAINS AND BASINSLOCATION

• Far west Texas
• East border near Pecos River
• South border is the Rio Grande
• North border is
• New Mexico

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MOUNTAINS AND BASINS CITIES

• Alpine
• El Paso
• Fort Stockton
• - Pecos
• -Kermit Monahans in Permian Basin area
• -Fort Davis, Marfa, Alpine in Mountain area

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MOUNTAINS AND BASINSPHYSICAL FEATURES

• Towering Peaks, Rocky Canyons, and flowering
  cacti.
• Mountains and Basins have dry, rocky soils.
• Places Big Bend National Park, Guadalupe
  National Park, and Davis Mountains

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MOUNTAINS AND BASINS

• Guadalupe Peak is the highest point in Texas

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MOUNTAINS AND BASINS PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS

• Dry desert climate
• Rocky soil
• Mountains, Canyons, Basins
• Plateaus
• Limited Plant Life

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Mountains and BasinsPhysical Features

• Mountains ranges, basins plateaus
• Guadalupe Mountains
• Big Bend National Park
• Guadalupe Peak highest peak in Texas (8749
  feet)
• Basins are lowlands surrounded by higher land.

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MOUNTAINS AND BASINS

• This region
• has no subregions

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MOUNTAINS AND Basins
mountains, plateaus, basins, canyons desert
climate with little rainfall dry rocky soil
limited plant life (desertgrasses, shrubs, cacti)
ranching some farming with irriga- tion oil,
sulfur, silver tourism El Paso (military
bases, Mexican trade, I-10 trade route)
small, concentrated in a few small towns
El Paso (one of the largest Texas cities
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MOUNTAINS AND BASINS CLIMATE

• -Driest part of state
• -8 inches of rain per year, 20 in mountains
• -Hot days, cool nights

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MOUNTAINS AND BASINS PLANTS
-Some sagebrush
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MOUNTAINS AND BASINS ANIMALS

• mountain lions
• peregrine falcons
• rattlesnakes

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MOUNTAINS AND BASINS WAY OF LIFE

• Ranching-cattle, sheep, goat
• Farming - cotton, fruits, vegetables,
  cantaloupes (irrigation in El Paso and Pecos
  River Valley)
• Oil and gas - part of Permian Basin

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Where are the Mountains and Basins?
Mountains and Basins
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Mountains Basins
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Summary of the Regions of Texas
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Coastal Plains

• Includes about 1/3 of Texas
• Home to more people than any other part/region of
  Texas
• About 2 out of every 3 Texans live in the Coastal
  Plains
• The Coastal Plains is divided into 5 subgroups
• -Piney Woods -Post Oak Belt
• -Gulf Coast Plain -Blackland Prairie
• -South Texas Plain

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Coastal Plains and its Subregions

• Piney Woods -pine forests
• -rainiest part of Texas -elevation low
• -growing season (average number of days between
  the last killing frost of spring and the first
  killing frost of fall) is 230-265
  days
• Post Oak Belt -dryer than Piney Woods
  -west of
  Piney Woods subregion
• -oak, hickory trees - growing season 230-280
  days

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• Blackland Prairie -long, narrow area
• -follows the Balcones Escarpment (cliff or
  abrupt break in the lands surface) near Oklahoma
  border, through San Antonio, and down to the
  Mexico border -growing season 230-280 days soil
  not good for growing trees -prairie grass
• Gulf Coastal Plain -warm temperatures, long
  growing season 240-309 days, low elevation
• South Texas Plain -warm year round vast range
  of elevations (sea level to 1,000 ft. above)
  -growing season 265-341 days (long growing season
  in Brownsville)

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North Central Region and its Subregions

• Rolling plains lBrush,
  scattered grasses
• Covered by small oak and mesquite trees

• North Central Region is divided into 3
  subregions
• Grand Prairie
• Cross Timbers
• Rolling Plains

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North Central Region and its Subregions

• Grand Prairie -near Temple and Killeen
• -soil NOT good for growing trees
• -mostly tall grasses
• 2. Cross Timbers -post oak, hickory, pecan and
  elm trees
• 3. Rolling Plains -largest subregion in North
  Central Region
  
• -most of this subregion is largely steppe (vast,
  flat, treeless plain)

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Great Plains Region and its Subregions

• Great Plains Region is divided into 3 subregions
• Edwards Plateau -primarily of limestone
  -caves and underwater streams -Edwards
  Aquifer (San Antonios water supply) is in this
  subregion
• High Plains -major farming area -dry
  climate -elevation ranges from
  3,000-4,000 feet

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Mountains and Basins Region

• Tall mountains separated by large basins (closed
  valleys)
• Forests on mountains
• Lower elevations (basins) are deserts with
  cactus, short grasses, and shrubs
• Very little rain
• Contains the HIGHEST POINT
• IN TEXAS Guadalupe Peak 8,751 feet

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Benefits

• Each region contains different natural resources.
  From the cotton fields of the Mountain and Basin
  and Great Plains regions to the ports of the
  Coastal/Gulf Plains, each area is rich with
  essential resources. This range of resources is a
  huge benefit as it allows Texas to be one of the
  most self-sufficient states in the country.

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REGIONS OF TEXAS
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Label the 4 regions of Texas
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4
3
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TRACE PATTERN OF TEXAS

• Draw and label the 4 natural regions (pg 10 in
  map book) COLOR THE REGIONS
• Draw and label 5 major cities (pg 3 in map book)
• Draw and label 5 rivers (pg 50 in class book)
• Draw a compass rose on your map

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• You will be given a region to work on AS A GROUP.
  
• You will need to find a way to make sure that all
  topics are somehow shown on your poster.
  Designate certain people to do certain jobs.
• This project will be given 2 FULL class days to
  work on and can be worked on during any extra
  catch-up time throughout the day.
• Project is due Friday, Sept 5th at the beginning
  of the social studies period.

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• The following are requirements for your poster
  
• Illustration of Texas
• Illustration of your given region.
• Climate
• Major cities
• Way of life
• Contributions
• Plants and animals
• Landforms
• Any other interesting info you find.
• This is a MAJOR GRADE!!!
• Each group member will have an opportunity to
  grade the other members by using the rubric for
  the project.