The Neutrino Factory and Muon Collider Collaboration

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The Neutrino Factory and Muon Collider
Collaboration

• RD Program
• and
• Participation in the IDS

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NFMCC Mission
To study and develop the theoretical tools, the
software simulation tools, and to carry out RD
on the hardware that is unique to the design of
Neutrino Factories and Muon Colliders

• Extensive experimental program to verify the
  theoretical and simulation predictions

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Current Organization
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Collaborating Institutions
US
International
National Labs Argonne BNL Fermilab LBNL Oak
Ridge Thomas Jefferson
Universities Columbia Cornell IIT Indiana Mic
higan State Northern Illinois Princeton UC-Berkele
y UC-Davis UC-Los Angeles UC-Riverside University
of Chicago
National Labs Budker DESY INFN JINR,
Dubna KEK RAL TRIUMF
Universities Karlsruhe Imperial
College Lancaster Osaka Oxford Pohang Tel Aviv
Corporate Partners Muons Inc. Tech-X Corporation
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Core Program
Targetry RD Mercury Intense Target Experiment
(MERIT) Spokesperson Kirk
McDonald Project Manager Harold
Kirk Ionization Cooling RD MuCool and
MICE MuCool Spokesperson Alan Bross US
MICE Leader Dan Kaplan Simulations
Theory Coordinator Rick Fernow Muon Collider
Task Force Being organized now _at_ Fermilab
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Hardware Activities
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MuCool
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MuCool Program

• Mission
• Design, prototype and test all cooling channel
  components (SFOFO)
• 201 MHz RF Cavities, absorbers, SC solenoids
• Support MICE (cooling demonstration experiment)
• Perform high beam-power engineering test of
  cooling section components

• Currently consists of 9 institutions from the US
  and Japan

RF Development ANL Fermilab IIT JLAB LBNL Mississi
ppi
Absorber RD Fermilab IIT KEK NIU Mississippi Osak
a
Solenoids LBNL Mississippi
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• RD Focus of MuCool
• Component testing Fermilab
• RF Cavities
• High RF-power Testing
• Absorbers
• Technology tests
• High power-load testing
• With beam
• Magnets

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MuCool Test Area

• Facility to test all components of cooling
  channel (not a test of ionization cooling)
• At high beam power
• Designed to accommodate full Linac Beam
• 1.6 X 1013 p/pulse _at_15 Hz
• 2.4 X 1014 p/s
• 600 W into 35 cm LH2 absorber _at_ 400 MeV
• RF power from Linac (201 and 805 MHz test stands)
• Waveguides pipe power to MTA

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MTA

• The MTA is the focus of our Activities
• RF testing (805 and 201 MHz)
• High pressure H2 gas-filled RF
• LH2 Absorber tests
• Two parts of infrastructure yet to be completed
• Cryo Plant
• Beam Line

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MTA Hall
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MTA Hall Instrumentation
Chipmunk
Plastic Scintillator
805
CsI
201
Magnet
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Phase I of RF Cavity Closed Cell Magnetic Field
Studies (805 MHz)

• Data seem to follow universal curve
• Max stable gradient degrades quickly with B field
• Sparking limits max gradient
• Copper surfaces the problem

Gradient in MV/m
Peak Magnetic Field in T at the Window
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Phase II of 805 MHz studies

• Study breakdown and dark current characteristics
  as function of gradient and applied B field in
  Pillbox cavity
• Curved Be window Test
• TiN coated
• Cavity has been conditioned to 32MV/m without B
  field
• Measurements at 2.5T
• Stable gradient limited lt 17MV/m
• Button test
• Evaluate various materials and coatings
• TiN, ALD
• W,Cu,Mo,SS,..
• Quick Change over

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New 805 MHz RF data

• Recent repeat of Max Grad with B
• No conditioning observed

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805 MHz Imaging
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RF RD 201 MHz Cavity Design

• The 201 MHz Cavity is now operating
• Reached 16MV/m at B0 (design gradient!)

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X-ray rates From 201 MHz Cavity
B0
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201 Program

• Conditioning 201 Cavity through multipacting
• Observed at very low field
• This is now ready to begin
• Configuration shown to right
• Allows for approximately 2T on axis at window
  facing magnet
• Magnet operating in solenoid mode at 5T (max)
• Field falls off rapidly in both r and z
• We have also full azimuthal coverage to measure
  x-ray rates
• Thin and totally absorbing plastic scintillator
  counters
• Spectroscopy - NaI

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High Pressure H2 Filled Cavity WorkMuons Inc

• High Pressure Test Cell
• Study breakdown properties of materials in H2
• Just finished run in B field
• No degradation in M.S.G. up to 3.5T

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Absorber Design Issues

• 2D Transverse Cooling
• and
• Figure of merit MLRdEm/ds
• M2 (4D cooling) for different absorbers

H2 is clearly Best - Neglecting Engineering
Issues Windows, Safety
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Convective Absorber Activities

• First Round of studies of the KEK absorber
  performed in the MTA
• GHe used to input power

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Convective Absorber Activities II
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Convective Absorber Activities III

• Next Round of tests will use a modified absorber
• Test
• Electrical Heater
• New Temperature sensors
• LH liquid level sensor

Instrumentation will be used in MICE
Absorber Body being modified in Lab 6 at Fermilab
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LiH Test Program

• Produce encapsulating cast (not pressed) samples
• Small disk (5-10 cm) for intense radiation
  exposure
• Look at Material stability primarily
• Temperature Profile
• Large disk (30 cm) for detailed thermal
  conductivity studies
• External Cooling Internal Heating
• Potential absorber for MICE Phase I
• Non-instrumented, no cooling

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MICE
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Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment MICE
Beam Diffuser
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US MICE

• Tracker Module
• Solenoids
• Fiber ribbons
• VLPC System
• VLPCs, Cryostats and cryo-support equipment,
  AFEIIt (front-end readout board), VME memory
  modules, power supplies, cables, etc
• Absorber Focus Coil Module
• LH2 and vacuum safety windows
• Fabrication and QC
• RF Module
• Coupling Coils
• RF Cavities
• Particle ID
• Upstream Cerenkov

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MuCool and MICE

• MuCool Collaboration interface to MICE
• Design Optimization/develop of Study II cooling
  channel
• Simulations
• Detailed engineering
• Full component design
• Systems integration
• Safety
• RF cavity development, fabrication, and test
• 201 MHz operation in B field
• Absorber development, fabrication, and test
• Ends with KEK prototype tests
• MuCool will prototype and test cooling hardware
  including MICE pieces for which the collaboration
  is responsible

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MERIT
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MERIT Mercury Intense Target

• Test of Hg-Jet target in magnetic field (15T)
• Submitted to CERN April, 2004 (approved April
  2005)
• Located in TT2A tunnel to ISR, in nTOF beam line
• First beam Summer, 2007
• Test 50 Hz operation at 24 GeV Þ 4 MW

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Movies of viewport 2, SMD camera, 0.1 ms/frame
ORNL 2006 Nov 28 runs 10 m/s
ORNL 2006 Nov 29 run, uprighted image
Nozzle C 20 m/s
nozzle A before reaming
nozzle A after reaming
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Merit Instrumentation

• Developed Full Mars Simulation
• Particle fluxes, energy deposition, absorbed dose
  and residual activity in the experimental hall
• Absorbed dose and activation of mercury system
• Secondary particle production
• Study/define diagnostics needed for experiment
• Radiation load in components
• Radiation shielding
• Particle production in secondary beam

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Design and Simulation
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Design and Simulation -Some Specific Areas of
Study
m Capture/Bunch/Rotation/Cool
Linear nonscaling FFAG
? Energy
? Time
Two fixed point acceleration half synchrotron
oscillation path between fixed points
H2 filled cavities
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Design and Simulation - Acceleration
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NF Detector - Design and Simulation

• Looking at Totally-Active Sampling Detector
• Scintillator Based
• Magnetized
• 0.5T

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Totally Active Segmented Detector
Simulation of a Totally Active Scintillating
Detector (TASD) using Nona and Minerna concepts
with Geant4

• 3333 Modules (X and Y plane)
• Each plane contains 1000 slabs
• Total 6.7M channels

• Momenta between 100 MeV/c to 15 GeV/c
• Magnetic field considered 0.5 T
• Reconstructed position resolution 4.5 mm

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TASD Performance
Muon reconstructed efficiency
Muon charge mis-ID rate
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Large Magnetic Volumes
Possible magnet schemes

• Warm coil magnets
• Total cost 5m x 10 50M (.1-.2T)
• Problem operational cost (gt13M/year with
  factor of 3 uncertainty)

• Superconducting coil magnet cost extrapolation
  formulas
• Use stored energy 14M/module
• Use magnetic volume 60M/module
• GEM magnet extrapolation 69 M/module

x10 modules!
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Large Magnetic Volumes II

• Cost Driver is not stored energy Vacuum Loading
  for vacuum insulated cryostats (A. Herve, CERN)
• P0 0.33 S0.8 (Price of equivalent zero energy)
• P P0 0.17 E0.7 (Total Price of magnet)
• S Surface of the cryostat
• V Mean magnetized volume
• E Stored energy
• Must get rid of vacuum loading
• Foam Insulated
• High Tc SC
• SC Pipe

SC Pipe?
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Back to the Future - VLHC

• Fermilab TM-2149 (2001)

3 Æ
SC Transmission Line
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Magnetic cavern design
1 m iron wall thickness. 2.4 T peak field in
the iron.
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B in XZ cross-section

• Without iron With iron

Better field uniformity with iron in the end
sections
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Parameters
100 kA op demonstrated
1000/m Þ 50M
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US NFMCC 5 Year Budget Plan
Base Program funds remain as in FY06 BNL
(0.9M) Fermilab (0.6M) LBNL (0.3M)
For FY07 - DOE has asked what we would do with
additional funds if a 10 or 20 budget
increase were forthcoming. This is on the total
including base (3.6M)
Note The Advanced Accelerator RD Sub-panel
recommended that a doubling of our funds would
be appropriate. Our Muon Technical Advisory
Council recommended a similar scenario
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NFMCC Participation in the IDS

• Areas of Interest
• Proton Driver
• BNL, Fermilab
• Targetry
• BNL, Fermilab, Princeton
• Capture and phase rotation
• Fermilab
• Cooling
• BNL, Fermilab, IIT, LBNL, UCLA, UC Riverside
• Acceleration
• BNL, Fermilab, TJNL
• Detector Design and Simulation
• Fermilab, IIT, University of Mississippi
• Our level of effort, however, will depend on our
  budget in the out years. But there is some
  reason to be optimistic