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Canadian Biomes

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Canadian Biomes AKA: Our Home & Native Land What is a biome ? A biome is a collection of ecosystems that are similar, or related to one another, based on the ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Canadian Biomes


1
Canadian Biomes
  • AKA Our Home Native Land

2
What is a biome?
  • A biome is a collection of ecosystems that are
    similar, or related to one another, based on the
    types of plants they support.
  • It is important to note that the plant-life that
    is found in a biome is the direct result of the
    climate that the region experiences so a biome
    will also have the same climatic features.
  • Canada has four biomes within its borders.

3
1. The Tundra Biome
  • The tundra is located in the northernmost regions
    of Canada up near the North Pole in and
    around the Arctic circle.
  • The climate is extremely cold which results in
    the freezing of the soil and the formation of the
    permafrost a soil layer that is frozen year
    round due to the cold.
  • There is very little precipitation.
  • Plants are few and far between. Those that can
    grow must grow and reproduce very rapidly in the
    short growing season. They are often very small
    plants that form roots in the active layer of the
    soil the thin layer on top of the permafrost.
  • Few plants means few animals as plants are the
    food source for animals. Matter cycling is very
    slow due to extreme cold.
  • Plants Lichens, mosses, shorter grasses and
    shrubs.
  • Animals Polar bears, caribou, arctic foxes and
    ptarmigans.

4
Tundra Pics
5
2. The Boreal Forest
  • The Boreal forest is located just south of the
    Tundra and is the largest biome in Canada.
  • It has a very temperate climate hot summers and
    quite cold winters, but, no permafrost.
  • It receives a fair amount of precipitation.
  • Matter cycling is quick in hot but slows in cold.
  • Dominant plant life are coniferous trees
    evergreens such as pine, fir and spruce. Their
    conical shape and needles allow them to cope very
    well in the boreal forest climate. (Cold, snow,
    acidic conditioning)
  • Animals moose, bears, squirrels, rabbits, deer
    and birds. Higher biodiversity than the Tundra.

6
Boreal Forest Pics
7
3. Temperate Deciduous Forest
  • The temperate deciduous forest is found only in
    the southern portion of Ontario and Quebec.
  • It has a temperate climate hot summer and cold
    winter (but not as cold as boreal forest).
  • Longest growing season and most precipitation of
    all Canadian biomes great for plants of all
    types which is great for many animals highest
    biodiversity.
  • Higher temps and water result in rapid cycling of
    matter which results in rich fertile soil.
  • Dominant plants are deciduous trees with broad
    flat leaves that maximize the great amount of
    sunlight that is offered. You will also find many
    ferns shrubs.
  • Deciduous forest three layers canopy,
    understorey and litter.
  • Animals Deer, insects, shrews, mice, bears,
    weasels, wolves and many birds.

8
Deciduous Forest Pics
9
4. The Grasslands Forest
  • The grasslands are found in the southern regions
    of the prairie provinces.
  • The climate is temperate with a long growing
    season.
  • It receives a fair amount of precipitation but
    not as much as the deciduous forest.
  • Matter cycling is very fast result is
    incredibly fertile, black soil.
  • Biodiversity is at a good level, but, not near
    the level of the deciduous forest.
  • Dominant plants are grasses (not enough water for
    trees).
  • Animals Bison, prairie dogs, voles, mice,
    hawks, wolves, snakes and insects.

10
Grasslands Pics
11
The Overall Picture
12
  • THE END!!!
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