Chapter 4: Cell Structure and Function

1
Chapter 4 Cell Structure and Function

• Practice Test

2
The combination of what features would be found
in a prokaryotic cell?

• nucleoid, ribosome, cell wall
• cell wall, nucleus, chloroplast
• mitochondrion, cell wall, flagellum
• nucleoid, mitochondrion, cilia

3
All cells possess a plasma membrane, which
functions to ________.

• enclose the cell
• isolate the cell from random disturbances in the
  environment
• allow metabolic events to occur in an orderly
  fashion
• all of the choices

4
Cells are typically small because ________.

• a greater number of small cells can occupy any
  space compared to larger cells
• just like sand and gravel, smaller objects can
  pack together more tightly
• their volumes increase at a faster rate than the
  surface area
• small cells require less food than large cells

5
In eukaryotes, the nucleus ________.

• is always located in the center of the cell
• isolates the DNA from exposure to damaging
  chemical reactions
• is the site where most proteins are synthesized
• all of the choices

6
The endosymbiotic theory suggests that both
________ were once free-living organisms that
lived as parasites within ancient prokaryotes.

• centrioles and nucleosomes
• mitochondria and ribosomes
• Golgi bodies and lysosomes
• chloroplasts and mitochondria

7
Actin is the primary component of ________.

• intermediate fibers
• microfilaments
• microtubules
• all of the choices

8
Bacterial cell walls often contain a
polysaccharide capsule, which functions to
________.

• poison heterotrophs that might attempt to feed on
  the bacteria
• aid in cell attachment
• focus light and improve photosynthesis
• selectively regulate what materials enter and
  leave the cell

9
In addition to the plasma membrane, all cells
begin life with ________.

• a cell wall
• DNA and cytoplasm
• mitochondria and ribosomes
• plastids and vacuoles

10
A cell membrane is formed from a lipid bilayer
and protein what functional contribution does
the lipid bilayer contribute?

• it lubricates cell surfaces and reduces friction
  with the environment
• it serves as a source of energy
• it prevents the free passage of water-soluble
  substances across it
• all of the choices

11
Which combinations of features are unique to
plant cells?

• cell wall, central vacuole, chloroplast
• chloroplast, lysosome, Golgi body
• central vacuole, nucleoplasm, centriole
• cell wall, mitochondrion, plasmadesmata

12
Lysosomes contain ________ and bud from the
________.

• waste products, rough ER
• waste products, Golgi body
• digestive enzymes, smooth ER
• digestive enzymes, Golgi body

13
Match the organelle with the appropriate activity.

• mitochondria - synthesis of ATP
• smooth ER - synthesis of protein
• chromoplast - synthesis of lysosomes
• rough ER - processes materials for exocytosis

14
Which organelle has inner and outer compartments
and an inner membrane containing ATP synthase?

• the nucleus
• the Golgi body
• the mitochondrion
• the centriole

15
What kind of cell junctions allow rapid flow of
substances into the cytoplasm of adjacent cells?

• plasmodesmata and gap junctions
• adhering junctions and tight junctions
• tight junctions and plasmodesmata
• gap junctions and adhering junctions

16
The cytoskeleton functions in eukaryotes to
________.

• reinforce the structure of the cell
• move the cell through the physical environment
• move cellular components through the cytoplasm
• all of the choices