Water Pollution

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Water Pollution

• Environmental Science
• Section 11.3

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Water Pollution

• The introduction of chemical, physical, or
  biological agents into water that degrade water
  quality and adversely affect the organisms that
  depend on the water.

Acid Mine Drainage
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Point-Source Pollution

• Pollution discharged from a single source

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Nonpoint-Source Pollution

• Comes from many different sources that are often
  difficult to identify

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Types of Water Pollution
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Artificial Eutrophication

• Animation
• An overabundance of nutrients and/or manure
  enters a lake, pond, or slow-moving stream
• A large amount of organic matter appears, dies
  and begins to decompose
• The decomposer population grows, taking oxygen
  out of the water
• Other organisms in water suffocate in oxygen
  depleted water

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Artificial Eutrophication
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Thermal Pollution

• Increasing the temperature of a body of water
• Decreases the amount of dissolved oxygen in the
  water

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Thermal Pollution
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Groundwater Pollution
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Ocean PollutionHuman Impact on Oceans
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Ocean PollutionOil Spills
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Exxon Valdez Oil Spill
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Exxon Valdez Oil Spill
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Ocean Pollution

• Plastics in Oceans

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Water Management

• Providing a Sustainable Water Supply
• Desalinization

Two methods 1) Distillation
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Water Management

• Providing a Sustainable Water Supply
• Desalinization

Two methods 1) Distillation 2) Reverse osmosis
Salt impermeable membrane
Salt water
Fresh water
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Biomagnification
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Cleaning Up Water Pollution

• The Cuyahoga River in Cleveland, Ohio was so
  polluted with petroleum and petroleum byproducts
  it caught fire and burned in 1969.

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Cleaning Up Water Pollution

• Clean Water Act (1972)
• Set a national goal of making all surface water
  fit for fishing and swimming (recreation) by 1983
  
• Banned pollution discharge into surface water in
  1985
• Required metals be removed from wastewater
• Safe Drinking Water Act (1975 amended 1996)
• Introduced programs to protect groundwater and
  surface water from pollution to provide safe
  drinking water sources
• Oil Pollution Act (1990)
• Requires all oil tankers in US waters to be
  double-hulled by 2015
• Set up fund to pay for oil spill cleanup when
  company responsible is unable to afford it