The Government Restricts Native Americans

1
The Government Restricts Native Americans

• 1834, government designates Great Plains as one
  huge _______________________.
• 1850s treaties define specific boundaries for
  each tribe
• Massacre at ______________
• Troops kill over ________ Cheyenne, Arapaho at
  Sand Creek winter camp

2
The Government Restricts Native Americans

• Death on the Bozeman Trail
• Bozeman Trail crosses Sioux _____________
• Red Cloud asks for end of settlements
  ______________ ambushes troops
• Treaty of _________________-- US closes trail
  Sioux to ______________
• ________________, leader of Hunkpapa Sioux, does
  not sign treaty

3
Bloody Battles Continue

• 1868 Kiowa, Comanche engage in 6 years of raiding
• 1874-1875, US Army crushes resistance on Plains
  in _________________.
• Gold Rush
• 1874 _______________ reports much gold in
  ________________, rush begins

4
Bloody Battles Continue

• Custers Last Stand
• 1876 Sitting Bull has vision of war at _________
• Sitting, Bull, Crazy Horse, Gall crush
  ______________ troops
• By late 1876, _________ are defeated some take
  refuge in _________
• People starving Sitting Bull _______ in 1881

5
Government Supports Assimilation

• The Dawes Act
• 1881 Helen Hunt Jackson exposes problems in
  _________________________.
• __________________________ - natives to give up
  way of life, join white culture
• 1887 ______________ to Americanize natives,
  break up reservations
• Gives land to _______________ Native Americans
• Sell remainder of land to ______________money
  for farm implements to ________________-
• In the end, Native Americans receive only
  __________ of land, no money

6
The Government Supports Assimilation

• The Destruction of the Buffalo
• Destruction of _____________ most significant
  blow to tribal life
• Tourists, fur traders shoot for ______________,
  destroy buffalo population

7
The Battle of Wounded Knee

• __________________- ritual to regain lost lands
• Spreads among Sioux on Dakota reservation
• December 1890, Sitting Bull is ___________ when
  police try to arrest him
• Seventh Cavalry takes about __________ Sioux to
  Wounded Knee Creek
• Battle of _________________- cavalry kill 300
  _______________ Native Americans
• Battle ends _____________, Sioux dream of
  regaining old life

8
Cattle Become Big Business

• Vaqueros and Cowboys
• American settlers learn to manage large herds
  from Mexican ______________
• Adopt way of life, clothing, _____________
• Texas ______________- sturdy, short-tempered
  breeds brought by Spanish
• __________________ not in demand until railroads
  reach the Great Plains
• After Civil War demand for _____________
  increases in rapidly growing cities.

9
Cattle Become Big Business

• The Cow Town
• Cattlemen establish _____________ where trails
  and rail lines meet
• ________________ becomes major cattle route from
  San Antonio to Kansas

10
A Day in the Life of a Cowboy

• 1866-1885 up to ___________ cowboys on plains
• 25 African American, 12 Mexican
• Cowboy works __________ hours on ranch
  __________ or more on trail
• Expert _____________________ alert for dangers
  that may harm, upset cattle
• During spring __________, longhorns found, herded
  into corral
• Separate cattle marked with own
  ___________________ brand calves

11
A Day in the Life of a Cowboy

• The Long Drive
• Herding of animals or long drive lasts about
  __________
• Cowboy in saddle _______________ sleeps on
  ground bathes in rivers
• Legends of the West
• Celebrities like __________________, Calamity
  Jane never handled cows

12
The End of the Open Range

• Changes in Ranching
• _______________, bad weather from 1883 to 1887
  destroy whole herds
• Ranchers keep smaller herds that yield more
  _________ per animal
• Fence land with ________________ turn open range
  into separate _______________.
• End of wide-open West