Hazard Communication Training For Artists

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Hazard Communication Training For Artists

• Robin Izzo, Environmental Health and Safety

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OSHA Hazard Communication Standard

• Covers all employees who work with hazardous
  chemicals
• Purpose is to reduce injuries and illnesses
  related to chemical use
• Princeton extends this to students

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Workers have the Right to Know

• Identity of chemical substances in the workplace
• Health effects of these chemicals
• Physical hazards of these chemicals
• Proper precautions for handling and use

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Elements of Hazard Communication

• Hazard Evaluation
• Labeling of Containers
• Material Safety Data Sheets
• Written Hazard Communication Program
• Information and Training

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Hazard Evaluation

• Performed by manufacturers, importers or
  distributors
• PHYSICAL HAZARDS - flammable, combustible,
  explosive
• HEALTH HAZARDS - toxic, corrosive, carcinogen,
  sensitizer

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Labels

• Manufacturer Label
• Must have
• chemical name
• hazard warnings
• manufacturer name and address
• Chemical Users
• Must ensure containers are labeled and that
  labels are not defaced

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Labels

• Transfers from Original Container
• Must label new container with
• product name
• chemical contents
• warnings
• Thinners - use pre-labeled mason jars supplied by
  Visual Arts

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Material Safety Data Sheets

• Supplied by the manufacturer or distributor
• Must have MSDS for each hazardous material in
  Visual Arts
• MSDSs must be accessible Available in binders
  near storage cabinets

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Written Hazard Communication Program

• Visual Arts developed a written program detailing
  how we comply with the Hazard Communication
  Standard
• Program is available in the main office any time
• Based on template produced by EHS

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Written Hazard Communication Program

• Program Elements
• Hazardous Materials Inventory
• Location and Handling of MSDSs
• Labeling Requirements
• Training Requirements
• Contractor Requirements
• Non-Routine Task Requirements

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Training

• General training provided by EHS
• Site and chemical-specific training provided by
  Visual Arts, with help from EHS.
• As a teacher or supervisor, you provide this
  information to your people
• Additional training may be required before
  performing non-routine tasks

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Understanding Chemical Safety Information

• Material Safety Data Sheet
• different formats, but same information
• Important points
• Health Effects
• Personal Protective Equipment
• Reactivity
• Physical Properties

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Health Hazards
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Toxic vs. Hazardous
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Risk Toxicity X Exposure
RISK

• The dose makes the poison
• Consider
• how the chemical will be used
• possible routes of exposure
• quantity of the chemical
• personal protective equipment used
• environmental conditions/ventilation

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Acute vs. Chronic

• Acute
• short-term exposure
• immediate or slightly delayed health effects
• Chronic
• long term exposure
• delayed effects

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Acute vs. Chronic
Alcohol
Drunkenness
Acute Effect Chronic Effect
Cirrhosis of the liver
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Exposure Limits

• Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL)
• Threshold Limit Value (TLV)
• Time Weighted Average (TWA)
• Concentration to which the average, healthy
  person may be exposed 8 hours per day, 40 hours
  per week for a lifetime of work, without serious
  health effects.
• Based on 8-hour time-weighted average.

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Examples of PELs
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Routes of Exposure

• Inhalation
• Skin or Eye Contact
• Ingestion
• Injection

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Skin

• Protective
• Damage surface
• React with tissue proteins
• Distribute through bloodstream

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Inhalation

• Large surface area
• Respiratory tract irritation
• Absorption to bloodstream
• Particulates, vapors, fumes, mists

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Ingestion

• Hand to mouth contact
• Eating, drinking, smoking in studio
• Foods stored with chemicals

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Injection

• Cuts
• Sores
• Burns
• Scratches
• Needles
• Broken Glass
• Pressurized Air

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Personal Protective Equipment

• Eye and Face Protection
• Gloves
• Respirators
• Air-Purifying
• Dust Mask

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Personal Contamination

• Skin Exposure
• Rinse with water for at least 15 minutes
• Remove clothing and jewelry while rinsing
• Eye Exposure
• Rinse with water for at least 15 minutes,
  preferably using eye wash. Otherwise, rinse from
  nose outward
• Remove contact lenses while rinsing

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Personal Contamination

• Inhalation
• Move to fresh air
• Do not enter a contaminated environment without
  respiratory protection
• Ingestion
• Call University Health Services or Poison Control
  Center for professional advice.
• Do not induce vomiting unless so advised

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Personal Contamination

• Injection
• Wash area well
• In all cases, seek medical attention at
  University Health Services at McCosh or Princeton
  Medical Center, if needed.
• Tell medical staff name of chemical(s)
• Supply MSDS if possible

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Report All Incidents

• Near misses
• Regardless of injury
• Not for assigning blame
• Report to Marjorie Carhart or Kathy DiMeglio
• EHS may conduct simple accident investigation

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Physical Hazards
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Flashpoints

• Gasoline -360 F (-380 C)
• Ethyl Alcohol 550 F (130 C)
• Whiskey 850 F (290 C)
• Mineral Spirits 1040 F (400 C)
• Olive Oil 4370 F (2250 C)

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Storage of Flammable Liquids

• Flammable Liquid Storage Cabinets
• 10 gallon threshold
• Safety Cans

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Corrosives

• Liquids
• add acids or bases to water to avoid flash steam
  explosion
• store below eye level
• use gloves and eye protection

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Compressed gases

• Chemical hazards
• Flammable - Oxidizer
• Toxic - Corrosive
• Inert
• High Pressure

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Handling Compressed Gases

• Secure cylinders
• Cylinder caps in place
• Use correct regulator
• Use cylinder carts
• Leaks
• contact Public Safety

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Chemical Spills

• No spill response team
• Notify Public Safety at 911 if
• spill is large (more than 1 gallon)
• release to the environment
• Spill control materials available
• Dispose as hazardous waste

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Chemical Spills

• Alert other workers
• Attend to injured people or fire
• Control sources of ignition
• Put on gloves and eye protection
• Protect floor drains
• Clean up by neutralization or absorption
• Place materials in container/dispose
• Decontaminate area

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Chemical Waste - Definition

• Ignitable - flammable or oxidizer
• Corrosive - pH lt2 or gt12.5 or corrodes steel
• Reactive - reacts violently with air or water, is
  shock or heat sensitive (explosive
  decomposition), releases cyanide or sulfides at
  extreme pH
• Toxic - heavy metals and certain pesticides
  (through TCLP)
• Listed Waste - several hundred substances on EPA
  list
• Characteristic - you think it is hazardous based
  on MSDS or other information

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Hazardous Waste Disposal

• Oily Rags
• place in oily rag containers
• do not leave on the floor
• emptied every night
• Paints
• oil-based and metal-based paints are hazardous
  waste
• latex and water-based - regular trash

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Waste Disposal

• Oils
• linseed oil - hazardous waste
• baby oil - regular trash, small amounts to drain
• other oils - USED OIL, not waste oilcollect for
  recycling
• Solvents
• collect as hazardous waste
• can combine with paint and linseed oil

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Chemical Wastes

• Ceramic Glaze
• may be hazardous waste
• contact EHS about unused
• use sink with settling tank
• solids from tank are hazardous waste
• Photographic Chemicals
• fixers - collect and pour into silver recovery
  unit
• developers and rinses - drain
• others - check with EHS

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Waste Disposal

• Acids and Bases
• Do not mix with solvents
• Neutralize or collect as hazardous waste
• pH gt2 or lt12.5 not hazardous waste
• Sharps
• protect before disposal, using jar or cardboard
• Empty Chemical Containers
• triple rinse and recycle

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Hazardous Waste Disposal

• Place waste in a container.
• Original container is fine.
• Use 5-gallon carboys, if practical.
• Label the container.
• Keep containers sealed. NO FUNNELS.
• Keep the waste in your studio. Notify Marjorie
  Carhart when full.
• Secondary containment near drains.

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Labeling

• Place label on container when accumulation begins
• If no label is available, label as HAZARDOUS
  WASTE
• Must include chemical names
• Unidentified wastes are illegal!!

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Disposal Process

• Pickups scheduled last Thursday of each month
  January-October. One in mid-December
• Waste Paper sent out week before pickup.
• Notify Marge Carhart of any wastes for disposal.

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Important Points

• DO NOT POUR DOWN DRAIN
• All wastes must be labeled Hazardous Waste.
• All containers must be closed except during
  filling. Do not leave funnels in containers.
• Do not order more than you need.
• Dispose of chemicals promptly. No more than 55
  gallons allowed!
• Minimize and substitute.

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Art Hazards
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Painting

• Pigments
• hues
• Thinners
• Linseed Oil
• autoignition
• Adhesives
• sensitizers
• Oil-based paints
• Turpentine
• sensitizer - odorless thinner is better
  alternative

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Did Van Gogh Die for His Art?
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Paint Pigments
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Precautions for Painters

• Know the what is in your pigments. Use the least
  toxic.
• Avoid mixing dry pigments.
• Avoid hand to mouth contact.
• Dont use your mouth to point your brush.
• Avoid using turpentine - use thinner
• Use least dusty forms of chalk, pastels, etc.

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Photography

• Developer
• alkaline
• Stop Bath
• acetic acid
• Fixers
• Disposal problems
• Reducer
• Mix with concentrated acid or high heat, can
  release cyanide gas

Many photochemicals are sensitizers
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Precautions for Photographers

• Use liquid chemistry
• Avoid skin exposure
• Cover baths when not in use.
• Use pre-mixed chemicals
• Rinse with water between acid bleach step and
  fixing steps. (sulfur dioxide gas)
• Use good ventilation.

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Ceramics

• Silica - silicosis
• sand, perlite, grog, vermiculite
• Mold - wet clay
• Musculo-skeletal problems
• Glazes - metals
• Skin irritation
• clay, glazes
• Kiln - fumes, CO, IR

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Precautions for Ceramics

• Use pre-mixed clay.
• Use good ventilation. Clean daily.
• Moisturize hands.
• Avoid lead glazes
• Use gloves when handling glazes
• Use good ventilation and CO for kiln
• Wear IR goggles when looking into kiln
• Electrical safety and good material handling

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Sculpture

• Wood shop
• Plasters, silica, etc.
• Spray Paint
• Clay
• Paints
• Mold-makingResins

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Precautions for Sculptors

• Use eye and face protection
• Choose the least hazardous woods and stones
• Do not use plaster for casting body parts
• Use good lifting techniques
• Protect hands against vibration of hand tools
• Use machining tools under supervision

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Precautions for Sculptors

• Take breaks to avoid carpal tunnel syndrome
• Avoid chlorinated waxes
• Protect against electrical hazards
• Wear gloves when applying epoxy glues and
  hardeners, formaldehyde glues or solvent-based
  adhesives

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Questions?

• Thank you