Fish Health Assessment

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Fish Health Assessment

• FNR 351Aquatic Sampling Techniques

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Objectives

• Understand the major causes of sickness in fish
• Familiarize with important external and internal
  signs and symptoms
• Understand basic mortality patterns
• Understand basic concepts related to disease
  prevention and treatment

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Why do we care about fish health?

• Hatchery Facilities
• Wild Populations

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What causes fish to get sick?

• Three factors must be present for an epizootic
  outbreak
• Fish Host
• Pathogen/Parasite
• Unfavorable Environment

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• Stress may be a result of
• Poor water quality
• Poor nutrition
• ______________
• Handling
• ____________________

What causes fish to get sick?
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What causes fish to get sick?

• Fish are generally more vulnerable to disease
  outbreaks during summer months because
• _____________________
• Dissolved oxygen
• ______________________________
• Disease organisms are more active at warm
  temperatures

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Symptoms and signs of disease

• Behavioral
• Slowing or Cessation of Feeding
• __________________
• Abnormal Distribution
• __________________
• Lethargic Swimming

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Symptoms and signs of disease

• Physical Symptoms and Signs
• I. Gross External Signs
• Production of Excess Mucus
• _______________________
• Eroded Fins, Gills, and/or Sores on the Body
• _____________________________
• Swelling or Cysts on the Body, Head, or Fins
• _____________________________
• Hemorrhages on Body Surface

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Symptoms and signs of disease
Gross External Anatomy
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Symptoms and signs of disease
Gross External Signs
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Symptoms and signs of disease
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Symptoms and signs of disease
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Symptoms and signs of disease
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Symptoms and signs of disease
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Symptoms and signs of disease
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Symptoms and signs of disease
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Symptoms and signs of disease

• Physical Symptoms and Signs
• II. Gross Internal Signs
• Discoloration
• ______________________________
• Lesions
• Changes in texture of Organs, Tissues, and
  Musculature
• ________________________________
• ________________________________

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Symptoms and signs of disease
Gross Internal Anatomy
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Symptoms and signs of disease
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Symptoms and signs of disease
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Symptoms and signs of disease
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Symptoms and signs of disease
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Symptoms and signs of disease
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Mortality Patterns

• Three major patterns
• Mortality due to ______________
• ___________________
• Mortality due to ______________
• ___________________
• Mortality due to ______________
• __________________

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Disease Treatment

• General Rules of Treatment
• Verify diagnosis first!!
• General condition of the fish
• Clean the holding unit
• __________________
• Check for leaks in tanks
• __________________
• Determine type and amount of chemical needed
• __________________

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Disease Treatment

• General Rules of Treatment
• Check discharge route
• Check condition of chemical
• Check _______________________
• Ensure proper mixing
• Use _______________________
• _______________________
• Check efficacy of treatment
• Do not handle fish for 24 48 h post-treatment
• ________________________

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• I. External Treatments
• __________________
• __________________
• __________________

Disease Treatment
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• II. Internal Treatments
• ____________________
• ____________
• Intraperitoneal
• Intramuscular

Disease Treatment