First Century Ephesus

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First Century Ephesus

• The Ephesus of St. Paul Associates
• Sheila E. McGinn, Ph.D.

Religious Cults
The Roman City
Pauls Activities in Ephesus
Capital of Asia
Ephesus after Paul
Trade Routes
Select Bibliography
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Ephesus, The Roman City

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• Founded in the Second Century BCE
• Deforestation for cultivation
• City grew by leaps and bounds
• Apartments for the wealthy
• Surrounded by estates and villas
• all the amenities of Roman urban life luxuries,
  leisure, comfort, slaves

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Capital of Roman Asia

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• Third-largest city in the Empire
• Population 250,000 - 500,000 or more
• Theater holds 25,000 at once
• Aristocratic families gaining influence in Rome
  through links with Senatorial class

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Trade Routes

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• Great port on the Mediterranean
• Near Greece and North Africa, the bread basket
  of the Empire
• Central land routes, inluding the Via Egnatia

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Religious Cults

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• Temple to Diana one of the seven wonders of the
  ancient world
• Traditional Mother-Goddess worship found
  throughout Asia
• Oriental cults gaining influence, especially
  those of Isis, Mithras, and Judaism

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Pauls Activities in Ephesus

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• First visit ca. AD 48 during second missionary
  journey
• Second visit, beginning ca. 52, lasts several
  years
• three-year imprisonment ca. 54-56
• writes imprisonment letters to Corinth -- and
  probably also those to Philippi Philemon

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Ephesus after Paul

• Continues as center of Christian movement in Asia
• John the Seer leads churches there
• Made first collection of Pauls letters
• Increase in significance of imperial cult and
  anti-Christian antagonism
• Problems with harbor

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Select Bibliography

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• Ephesos Metropolis of Asia. An
  interdisciplinary approach to its archaeology,
  religion and culture, ed. Helmut Koester.
  (Harvard Theological Studies 41 Valley Forge,
  PA Trinity Press International, c1995).
• McGinn links on Paul, accessible from my homepage
  at http//www.jcu.edu/bible/mcginn/index.htm
• Excavation reports by University of Austria