Something I found this weekend'

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• Something I found this weekend.
• AtomFilms Music for One Apartment and Six
  Drummers

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Composition of blood sg 48

• General Composition of Blood
• Closer look at white blood cells White Blood
  Cells - Learning Activity

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Blood Vessels

• There are three types of blood vessels
• Arteries
• Veins
• Capillaries
• The Circulatory System is known as a CLOSED
  SYSTEM because the blood is contained within
  either the Heart or Blood Vessels at all times.

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ARTERIES AND ARTERIOLES (SMALL ARTERIES)

• Arteries carry blood AWAY to capillaries and
  rest of body.
• The Walls -THICKER than those of Veins.
• EXCEPT for the pulmonary arteries all arteries
  carry oxygen rich blood.

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• Elastic Fibers make up walls
• Tough and Flexible. 
• withstand the high pressure of blood as it is
  pumped from the Heart.
• The force that blood exerts on the walls of blood
  vessels is known as BLOOD PRESSURE.

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The aorta

• The Artery that carries Oxygen-Rich Blood from
  the LEFT VENTRICLE to all parts of the body,
  EXCEPT THE LUNGS, is the AORTA.

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Capillaries

• Thin wall microscopic in size.
• Nutrients, wastes, and hormones are exchanged
• Control of blood flow into capillary beds is done
  by nerve-controlled sphincters

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Capillaries to veins

• Veins carry blood from capillaries to the heart.
• With the exception of the pulmonary veins, blood
  in veins is oxygen-poor
• The veins have valves that prevent back-flow of
  blood.

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Together
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• Ventricular contraction propels blood into
  arteries under great pressure.
• As blood gets farther from the heart, the
  pressure likewise decreases

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• Systemic pressure is sensed by receptors in the
  arteries and atria.
• Nerve messages from these sensors communicate
  conditions to the medulla in the brain.
• Signals from the medulla regulate blood pressure.

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The Heart

• What does it really look like

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Anatomy of heart

• Four chambers
• right and left atria
• right and left ventricles
• Note the difference in the thickness of the walls

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• Atria act as collecting reservoirs for blood
  returning to the heart
• The two ventricles act as pumps to eject the
  blood to the body.
• Comes with valves to prevent backflow
• Heart Center Online Animated Encyclopedia
  how valves work

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Atrio-ventricular (tricuspid) and mitral valve
(bicuspid)
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Valves of the heart
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• Medmovie.com - Products and Services Overview

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Right side left side

• Blood enters the heart through two large veins,
  the inferior and superior vena cava, emptying
  oxygen-poor blood from the body into the right
  atrium.

• The pulmonary vein empties oxygen-rich blood,
  from the lungs into the left atrium

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Right side Left side

• Atrial contraction blood flows from your right
  atrium into your right ventricle through the open
  tricuspid valve.

• Atrial contraction blood flows from your left
  atrium into your left ventricle through the open
  mitral valve.

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Right side Left side

• When the ventricles are full, the tricuspid valve
  shuts. This prevents blood from flowing backward
  into the atria while the ventricles contract
  (squeeze).

• When the ventricles are full, the mitral valve
  shuts. This prevents blood from flowing backward
  into the atria while the ventricles contract
  (squeeze).

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Right side Left side

• Ventricular contraction blood leaves the heart
  through the pulmonic valve, into the pulmonary
  artery and to the lungs.

• Ventricular contraction blood leaves the heart
  through the aortic valve, into the aorta and to
  the body

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• Blood Flow through the Human Heart
• See Your Blood Flow

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• McGraw-Hill Online Learning Center TestltBLURTgt
• Heart Diagram - Human Heart Drawing

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• Our Hearts Contract or Beat about once every
  second of every day of our lives. 
• The heart beats more than 2.5 million times in an
  average life span. 
• The only time the Heart gets a Rest is Between
  Beats.

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• The Heart is Enclosed in a Protective Membrane
  Sac called the PERICARDIUM.  The Pericardium
  surrounds the heart and secretes a fluid that
  Reduces Friction as the heart beats.

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• Anatomy of the Human Heart - Texas Heart
  Institute Heart Information Center

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• http//academic.kellogg.edu/herbrandsonc/bio201_Mc
  Kinley/f22-11_cardiac_cycle_c.jpg
• You need to be able to discuss the events of the
  cardiac cycle.

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The cardiac cycle

• The cardiac cycle consists of two parts
• systole (contraction of the heart muscle)
• diastole (relaxation of the heart muscle). Atria
  contract while ventricles relax.
• Cardiac Cycle Animation and Diagram - Cardiac
  Physiology Animation by Anatimation

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• Watch The Cardiac Cycle ( scroll down)

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Ventricular Systole

• ventricles contract
• ventricular contraction regulated by AV node
• semilunar valves (to aorta pulmonary arteries)
  open
• atrioventricular valves close ("lub")

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Ventricular Diastole

• ventricles relax, atria contract
• atrial contraction regulated by SA node
  (pacemaker)
• semilunar valves close ("dupp")
• atrioventricular valves open

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Regulation of heart beat

• Impulse ( action potential ) originate from the
  sinoatrial node (SA node) near the right atrium
• The signal spreads to the atrioventricular node
  (AV node).
• Signals carried from the AV node, slightly
  delayed, through bundle of His fibers and
  Purkinjie fibers cause the ventricles to contract
  simultaneously.

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Pacemaker/ the beat
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• Howstuffworks "How Your Heart Works"
• The Cardiac Cycle scroll down