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HISTORY OF ARCHIVAL AND RECORDS ENTERPRISE

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389C.19/History. Epochs in the Development of. Archival and Records ... 389C.19/History. ROME. Adopted concepts of the Greeks and added concepts of their own. ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: HISTORY OF ARCHIVAL AND RECORDS ENTERPRISE


1
HISTORY OF ARCHIVAL AND RECORDS ENTERPRISE
2
Epochs in the Development ofArchival and Records
Enterprise
  • Antiquity

3
CHINA
  • Dang An

4
CHINA
  • Practice
  • Compiled chronicles

5
Epochs in the Development ofArchival and Records
Enterprise
  • Antiquity
  • Development of the Concept of Archives, c. 400
    B.C. c. 500 A.D.

6
GREECE
  • ???e??
  • Archeion
  • That which belongs to an office.

7
GREECE
  • Practices
  • Deposit gives private documents a public
    authority
  • Authoritative record was the most public record
  • The Notary

8
ROME
  • Adopted concepts of the Greeks and added concepts
    of their own.

9
ROMETerms
  • File
  • Tablet
  • Register
  • Filium
  • Tabula
  • Regesta

10
ROME
  • Practices
  • Registration conveys official status
  • Keeping minutes
  • Emperor destroyed records of predecessor
  • Residencia
  • Regard for provenance

11
MEDIA
  • Papyrus
  • Wood and wax tablet

12
Epochs in the Development ofArchival and Records
Enterprise
  • Antiquity
  • Development of the Concept of Archives, c. 400
    B.C. c. 500 A.D.
  • Dormancy, c. 500-1500

13
Dormancy
  • Practices
  • Memory and objects replaced written record as
    authority
  • Authenticated with wax seal

14
Dormancy
  • Term
  • Clerk derived from clerics who staff chanceries

15
Dormancy
  • Practices and Concepts
  • Records schedule, 800s
  • Case file, c. 1200
  • Records as property of the office, 1331
  • Distinguish current from records of long-term
    value

16
Epochs in the Development ofArchival and Records
Enterprise
  • Antiquity
  • Development of the Concept of Archives, c. 400
    B.C. c. 500 A.D.
  • Dormancy, c. 500-1500
  • Re-emergence of Archives, 1500-1789

17
RE-EMERGENCE
  • Establishment of well-defined archives
  • Archivo General de Simancas

18
RE-EMERGENCE
  • Establishment of well-defined archives
  • Archivo General de Simancas
  • Diplomatics, De Re Diplomatica, 1681

19
Epochs in the Development ofArchival and Records
Enterprise
  • Establishment of Modern Archival Practice,
    1789-1898

20
ESTABLISHMENT OF MODERN ARCHIVAL PRACTICE
  • Archives Nationales (France), 1794
  • Concept of current and historical
  • Archives as expression of nationalism

21
ESTABLISHMENT OF MODERN ARCHIVAL PRACTICE
  • Basic principles
  • Respect des fonds
  • Provenanceoriginal order
  • Ecole des Chartes, 1832
  • Dutch manual of practice, 1898

22
ESTABLISHMENT OF MODERN ARCHIVAL PRACTICE
  • American contribution
  • Collecting documents
  • Printing documents to facilitate use and
    preservation

23
Epochs in the Development ofArchival and Records
Enterprise
  • Establishment of Modern Archival Practice,
    1789-1898
  • Redefining Archives and Managing Bulk Archival
    Administration and Records Management, c.
    1900-continuing

24
REDEFINING ARCHIVES AND MANAGING BULK
  • Factors
  • New Media
  • Growth of business and government
  • Spread of literacy

25
REDEFINING ARCHIVES AND MANAGING BULK
  • Growth in Quantity of Records
  • 1789-1861 100,000 cubic feet
  • 1865-1914 500,000 cubic feet
  • 1930s decade 3.5 million cubic feet
  • 1940s per year 2 million cubic feet
  • 1960s per year 4 million cubic feet

26
REDEFINING ARCHIVES AND MANAGING BULK
  • New kinds of records
  • Memorandum
  • Chart and Graph
  • Directive

27
REDEFINING ARCHIVES AND MANAGING BULK
  • New practices and concepts
  • Defining archives as historical documents
  • Archival appraisal
  • Records management

28
REDEFINING ARCHIVES AND MANAGING BULK
  • Records Management
  • Records Disposal Act, 1943
  • General schedule, 1945
  • Records Center, 1950
  • Developed concepts to promote office efficiency,
    protection

29
REDEFINING ARCHIVES AND MANAGING BULK
  • Professionalization of records work
  • Royal Dutch Society of Archivists, 1891
  • Society of American Archivists, 1936
  • International Council on Archives, 1950
  • Association of Records Managers and
    Administrators, 1955

30
Epochs in the Development ofArchival and Records
Enterprise
  • Establishment of Modern Archival Practice,
    1789-1898
  • Redefining Archives and Managing Bulk Archival
    Administration and Records Management, c.
    1900-continuing
  • Age of the Electronic Record, 1980s-continuing

31
ELECTRONIC RECORDS AGE
  • Machine-readable records
  • Radically new form/media of record

32
CONCLUSIONS
  • DEPTH AND EXTENT OF CHANGE
  • First Writing as basis of authentic information,
    c. 1000-c. 1300
  • Second Modern concepts of managing records,
    1789-1898
  • Third Electronic record, 1990s-

33
CONCLUSIONS
  • FUNDAMENTAL ISSUES
  • Defining and establishing ownership of the
    record
  • Authenticity, security, and preservation
  • Adopting, adapting to, and controlling records in
    new media

34
CONCLUSIONS
  • FUNDAMENTAL ISSUES
  • Role of archives in society
  • Uses of the term archives
  • Managing yet increasing volume of records
  • Role of the archivist/records administrator
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