Title: Learning Theories
1Learning Theories
- Mary Knestrick
- Section 1357
2Behaviorism
- It has often been said that, Behave is what
organisms do. - Behaviorism- a term first used by John Watson, is
a theory of animal and human learning that only
focuses on objectively observable behaviors and
discounts mental activities.
3Behaviorism
- In other words, if you are a behavior theorist,
you define learning as nothing more than the
acquisition of new behavior. - Some famous behavior theorists are Ivan Pavlov,
John Watson, and B.F. Skinner. - For more information on behaviorism go to
Funderstanding- Behaviorism.
4Cognitivism
5Cognitivism
- Cognition is the primary source of study
- Cognitivism- a theoretical approach to
understanding the mind, which argues that mental
function can be understood by quantitative,
positivist and scientific methods, and that such
functions can be described as information
processing models. - For information on Cognitivism go to
- Wikipedia Online Encyclopedia
6Constructivism
- Constructivism is a philosophy of learning
founded on the premise that, by reflecting on our
experiences, we construct our own understanding
of the world we live in. - Each of us generates our own "rules" and "mental
models," which we use to make sense of our
experiences. - Learning, therefore, is simply the process of
adjusting our mental models to accommodate new
experiences. - For information on Constructivism go to
- Funderstanding- Constructivism
7- There are two schools of thought studied by
Constructivists Cognitive Constructivism and
Socio-Cultural Constructivism.
8How people learn vs. Use of Technology
Behaviorism Cognitivism Constructivism
How people learn Learning is accomplished by doing, experience, trial and error. Learning is accomplished by cognitive processes such as info. processing, symbol manipulation, and knowledge construction. Learning is accomplished by problem solving, metacognition, and critical thinking.
How technology can be used Teaching machines Instructional films and TV Instructional design Direct Instruction Simulations Artificial intelligence Expert systems Intelligent tutorial systems (CMI) Virtual reality and environments A tool for the learner An integral part of the cognitive activity Programming (LOGO) Mindtools