Freedom and Social Control

1
Freedom and Social Control Course Retrosp
ective
2
Freedom competing discourses
Democracy Positive freedom Collective control o
f capital
Substantive equality Popular control
Liberalism Negative freedom Private control of c
apital
Formal equality Polyarchy
3
Social Control Theories
Materialism Karl Marx
Functionalism Émile Durkheim
Panopticism Michael Foucault
Civilizing Process Norbert Elias
Rationalization Max Weber
4
Criminal Justice Profile Theories
Unprecedented rise in number of prisoners
Sharp rise in racial disproportionality
Contradictory evidence for crime-causes-punishmen
t thesis.
Alternative theory social and historical reality
of crime (left idealism).
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Crime Control Explanations of Coercive Social Con
trol
Criminal Anthropology Philippe Rushton
Conservative Behaviorism Charles Murray
Liberal Structuralism Douglas Massey
Left Realism Frederick Engels
Left Idealism Richard Quinney
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Social Historical Reality of Crime and Punishment
Crime
Punishment
Laws requiring punishments
Laws defining crime
Status and behavior defined as criminal
Economic, Political, and Social Needs
Behavior Control Strategies

• Material inequality/deprivation
• Cultural/status inducements
• Outsider effects

Historical System
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Coercive Control
Case study 1 Rise and rhythm of the penitentiary
Primary motor force labor control Variation
explained by Kondratieff wave theory
Leading explanatory framework materialism
Case study 2 Penal slavery and lynching Prima
ry motor force race-labor control
Variation explained by economic development and
patterns of race relations Leading explanatory
framework materialism and functionalism
Case study 3 Reformatories and womens prisons P
rimary motor force gender-labor control
Variation explained by economic development,
patterns of gender relations Materialism, functio
nalism, panopticism, civilizing process
8
Corporate Control
Case study 1 Mass media and propaganda Parenti (
inventing reality) and Chomsky (manufacturing
consent). Primary motor force manipulation of
populace Variation explained by economic and po
litical development Leading explanatory framewo
rk materialism and panopticism
Case study 2 Bureaucracy and consumerism Weber
(Protestant ethic) Ritzer (McDonaldization).
Primary motor force labor control and
manipulation of populace Variation explained by
economic and political development
Leading explanatory framework materialism,
rationalization, and panopticism
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Democracy
Democratic Control
The People
Government broadly defined
Democratic Control
Democratic Control
Economy
In a democracy, the government represents the
people and is the mechanism that enables popular
control over the economy.
10
Liberal Capitalism
Limited Democracy
The Masses
Government as state
Coercive Control
Structural/ Financial Control
Consumerism
Regulatory Control
Structural/ Bureaucratic Control
Economy
Under liberal capitalism, the government is
limited, sharply restricting popular control over
the economy. Democracy is more illusion than
substantive.
11
Authoritarian Capitalism
Coercive Control
Government as state
The Masses
Structural/ Financial Control
Structural/ Bureaucratic Control
Economy
Under authoritarian capitalism, economic and
state elites rule the people often without
democratic illusions.
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Democracy and Social Action