Introduction to 3D Graphics Hardware

1
Introduction to 3D Graphics Hardware

• Jaeho Kim
• Virtual Reality Laboratory
• KAIST

2
(No Transcript)
3
(No Transcript)
4
Rendering Pipeline
5
(No Transcript)
6
(No Transcript)
7
Rendering Pipeline
8
Graphics are in the Chips

• New developments
• Feature sizes and pipelines
• Transformation and lighting
• Per-pixel effects
• High-definition TV

9
Graphics are in the Chips
10
3D Graphics Chips

• Nvidia GPU(QuadEngine), nfiniteFX Engine
• GeForce256, GeForce2 GTS, GeForce3, GeForce4 Ti
• GeForce Fx
• ATI Charisma Engine
• Radeon 7000, Radeon 9000, Radeon 9700, Radeon
  9800
• Sony Emotion Engine, Graphics Synthesizer
• Playstation2

11
3D Graphics Card ATI Radeon
12
(No Transcript)
13
NVIDIA Graphics Cards
14
NVIDIA GeForce256

• Key features
• Graphics Processing Unit(GPU)
• Transform Engine
• Lighting Engine
• Setup Engine
• Rendering Engine
• Cube Environment Mapping
• DEMO BoxsterBubble

15
NVIDIA GeForce2 GTS

• Key features
• Second Generation Transform Lighting
• NVIDIA Shading Rasterizer(NSR)
• Per-Pixel Lighting
• High Definition Video Processing(HDVP)
• DEMO Shiny

16
NVIDIA GeForce3

• Key Features
• nfiniteFX Engine
• Programmable Vertex Shader
• Programmable Pixel Shader
• Lightspeed Memory Architecture
• High-resolution Antialiasing
• Support to DirectX8
• DEMO BumpChameleon

17
Vertex Shader/Pixel Shader
18
(No Transcript)
19
Vertex Shader

• Instructions
• mov move
• mul product
• add
• mad multiply
• rsq reciprocal square root
• dp3 dot product
• dp4 dot product
• dst calculate distance vector
• lit calculates lighting coefficients

20
Pixel Shader

• Instructions
• tex fetch a filtered texel color
• texbem bump environment map
• texbeml bump environment map with luminance
• texcoord turn the texture coordinate into a
  color
• texm3x3spec compute non-local viewer specular
  reflection about normal from normal map
• texm3x3vspec compute local viewer specular
  reflection about normal from normal map
• texm3x3mat rotate vector through 3x3 matrix,
  then sample a cubemap or 3D texture

21
Vertex Shader
22
What the Vertex Shader Can Do

• Complex Character Animation
• Environmental Effects
• Procedural Deformation

23
What the Vertex Shader Can Do

• Key Frame Interpolation
• Motion Blur
• Lens Effect
• Custom lighting Effects
• Etc

24
What the Pixel Shader Can Do

• Very realistic Shadow Mapping
• Blinn Bump Mapping True Reflective Bump Mapping

25
What the Pixel Shader Can Do

• Isotropic BRDF(Bi-Directional Reflective
  Distribution Function) Based Lighting
• Cartoon Rendering
• Etc

26
NVIDIA GeForce4 Ti

• Key features
• nfiniteFX II engine
• AGP 8x
• Accuview antialiasing
• nView display technology
• DEMO Grace

27
NVIDIA GeForce Fx

• Key features
• CineFX 2.0 Engine
• Advance pixel and vertex shader processing
• Intellisample HCT
• Increasing compression efficiency for compressing
  color, texture, and z-data
• UltraShadow Technology
• Complex, realistic shadow effects
• DEMO OgreFairy

28
ATI Radeon

• ATI Radeon series
• Charisma Engine
• Pixel Tapestry architecture
• SMARTSHADER
• TRUFORM
• DEMO DebevecMusic

29
References

• NVIDIA official site www.nvidia.com
• NVIDIA developer site www.nvidia.com/developer
• ATI official site www.ati.com
• ATI developer site www.ati.com/developer
• Game Developers Conference (GDC) www.gdconf.com
• Search engine www.google.com
• Hardware review sites, eg. Toms hardware guide