CHAPTER 8 ELECTIONS AND CAMPAIGNS

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CHAPTER 8 ELECTIONS AND CAMPAIGNS
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In Europe, the party names the candidate. In the
U.S. candidate must win a primary
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Theme A How Campaigns Are Conducted.
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1. Paid Professionals Member of the incumbents
staff or outside hired gun specialists.
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2. Unpaid senior advisers, usually acquaintances
of the candidate.
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3. Citizen volunteers who are given routine and
boring jobs.
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4. Issue consultants who define issues and write
position papers,
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5. Media personnel, organizers computerized
direct-mail campaigns, and pollsters.
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The Role of Technology in Elections - Television
(Visuals and Spots), Computers (Public Opinion
Polls, Focus Groups)
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Theme B Money in Electoral Campaigns
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Sources 1. Candidates themselves 2. Other
Well-to-do people 3. Organizations and Interest
Groups
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4. Small individual donors 5. The Federal
Government - Up to 5 million in Primaries - Full
funding in presidential general election.
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Theme C Elections and Party Alignments -
Probably today we are in an era of dealignment.
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Theme D Campaign-Finance Reforms Have they
been effective?
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Campaign-finance reforms cannot be credited with
a wholesale cleaning up of American politics,
because relatively few things were for sale
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1. The political parties have been weakened. 2.
Candidates who are wealthy or who can appeal to
many small donors have an advantage.
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3. Incumbents have an advantage. 4. Late
starters have a disadvantage.
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5. Celebrities in politics will increase because
they can stage benefits to raise money for
candidates.
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Practice Test for Chapter 8
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1. Presidential races are usually more
competitive than those for the House of
Representatives. A. True B. False
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1. Presidential races are usually more
competitive than those for the House of
Representatives. A. True (Correct Answer) B.
False
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2. Relative unknowns must do well in the early
primaries and caucuses in order to survive. A.
True B. False
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2. Relative unknowns must do well in the early
primaries and caucuses in order to survive. A.
True (Correct Answer) B. False
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3. The majority of voters have made up their
minds by the end of the presidential nominating
conventions. A. True B. False
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3. The majority of voters have made up their
minds by the end of the presidential nominating
conventions. A. True (Correct Answer) B. False
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4. Congressional election campaigns are funded
from a combination of public and private
sources. A. True B. False
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4. Congressional election campaigns are funded
from a combination of public and private
sources. A. True B. False (Correct Answer)
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5. A realigning election marks a shift in the
coalitions that make up the major parties. A.
True B. False
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5. A realigning election marks a shift in the
coalitions that make up the major parties. A.
True (Correct Answer) B. False
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6. In order to win the party nomination,
candidates need to appear particularly A.
liberal. B. conservative. C. liberal if
Democrats, conservative if Republicans. D.
conservative if Democrats, liberal if Republicans.
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6. In order to win the party nomination,
candidates need to appear particularly A.
liberal. B. conservative. C. liberal if
Democrats, conservative if Republicans. (Correct
Answer) D. conservative if Democrats, liberal if
Republicans.
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7. The campaign activity most on the increase now
is A. large parties and rallies. B. radio and
television appearances. C. whistle-stop train
tours. D. appearances at malls and factories.
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7. The campaign activity most on the increase now
is A. large parties and rallies. B. radio and
television appearances. (Correct Answer) C.
whistle-stop train tours. D. appearances at malls
and factories.
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8. An election that results in one party gaining
long-term dominance over the others is called by
scholars a _______
election. A. nonalingning B. dealingning C.
realingning D. criticized
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8. An election that results in one party gaining
long-term dominance over the others is called by
scholars a _______
election. A. nonalingning B. dealingning C.
realingning (Correct Answer) D. criticized
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9. As party organization has declined, _____ has
become more important to the candidate A.
voter registration. B. patronage. C. money. D.
party identification.
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9. As party organization has declined, _____ has
become more important to the candidate A.
voter registration. B. patronage. C. money.
(Correct Answer) D. party identification.
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10. Campaign contributions by PACs generally
favor A. incumbents. B. conservatives. C.
Republicans. D. supporters of organized labor.
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10. Campaign contributions by PACs generally
favor A. incumbents. (Correct Answer) B.
conservatives. C. Republicans. D. supporters of
organized labor.
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For information about Elections and Campaigns,
visit Metros Political Science Web Site at
http//socsci.mccneb.edu/pos/polscmain.htm