Middleware support for Patient Monitoring System over Wireless Sensor Networks

1
Middleware support forPatient Monitoring System
over Wireless Sensor Networks

• Shanshan Jiang
• April 26, 2007

2
Heterogeneous Devices in Patient Monitoring
System (1/3)

• Multi-tiered Infrastructure, with heterogeneous
  devices
• Lightweight wearable sensors
• More powerful stationary video sensors/gateways
• Most powerful mobile content servers

• Lower layer Wearable Sensor
• hardware
• MICAz mobile mote
• software
• OS TinyOS and NesC
• Wireless standard IEEE 802.15.4
• features
• Wireless Mobile, indoor outdoor
• Small, lightweight, and wearable low computation
  and communication power small amount of memory
• functions
• Sample, Filter, and Preprocess the vital sign
  data, for example, to raise an alert condition
  when vital signs fall outside of normal
  parameters
• Transmit the vital sign data to Gateway

This level of devices focus on network
communication
3
Heterogeneous Devices in Patient Monitoring
System (2/3)

• Middle layer Video Sensor/Gateway
• hardware
• Stargate single board computer
• software
• OS Embedded Linux
• Wireless standard IEEE 802.11
• features
• Wireless Stationary, indoor
• Relatively higher computation and communication
  power larger amount of memory
• functions
• Sample, Filter, and Preprocess the video data
• Also works as a Gateway Route, Relay, and
  Transmit (multiple hops) the video vital sign
  data to Mobile Content Servers

This level of devices focus on network
communication
4
Heterogeneous Devices in Patient Monitoring
System (3/3)

• Upper layer Mobile Content Server help to
  improve the computation and communication
  capabilities for Sensors
• hardware
• Laptop
• software
• OS Windows Linux
• Wireless standard IEEE 802.11
• feature
• Highest computation and communication power
  largest amount of memory
• functions
• Collect, Aggregate, Analyze, and Encrypt the
  video vital sign data (Build Service Components
  for each of them)

• Other Devices Database Server, Web Server,
  Display Client not be considered here

This level of devices focus on distributed object
computing
5
WSN Characteristics Middleware Capabilities

• WSN characteristics
• Inherent distribution
• Inherent mobility
• Inherent dynamics
• Resource limitations

• Middleware Capabilities
• Scalability
• Reusability
• Heterogeneity
• Configurability
• Extensibility
• Model-driven Middleware
• Configure heterogeneous sensors in terms of
  supported technique, power, location (mobile
  indoors outdoors or stationary indoors),
  functional selection
• Configure mobile service components, e.g., for
  encryption component configure encryption levels
  algorithms

WSN Characteristics encourage the use of
Middleware
6
Middleware Limitations for WSNs and Solutions
(1/2)

• Limited power and resources traditional
  distributed middleware (e.g., CORBA, CCM) is
  normally heavyweight in terms of memory and
  computation requirements, and therefore
  unsuitable for WSNs with scarce energy and
  processing resources

• Solutions
• No middleware for Wearable sensor
• ACE for Video sensors/Gateways To build robust,
  efficient, extensible concurrent networked
  applications
• Communication Design
• Concurrency Design
• Lightweight CCM (CIAO/TAO) for Mobile Content
  server To build service components
• Interface Component Design
• Component Implementation
• Component Packaging Assembly Deployment
• Model-Integrated Computing (CoSMIC) for automatic
  system configuration

Differentiate middleware techniques for different
levels of devices
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Middleware Limitations for WSNs and Solutions
(2/2)

• Mobile and dynamic network topology traditional
  distributed middleware (e.g., CORBA, CCM) hides
  the location of remote objects or nodes, and
  therefore unsuitable for WSNs with mobile
  wireless network infrastructure

• Solutions
• Dynamic service discovery
• Wireless routing broadcasting

8
System Architecture
Service Component Deployment and Configuration
Windows or Linux CoSMIC
Mobile Content Server Laptops
Service (Un)Registration
Dynamic Service Discovery
Data Collection Service Component
Data Aggregation Service Component
Data Analyzing Service Component
Data Encryption Service Component
Windows or Linux CIAO/TAO
Working as a Gateway Routing, Relaying, and
Transmitting Video Vital Sign Data to Mobile
Content Servers
Video Sensor /Gateway Stargate
Routing Table Maintenance
Sensor (Un)Registration
Dynamic Sensor Discovery
Video Data Sampling
Video Data Filtering
Video Data Preprocessing
Embedded Linux ACE
Vital Sign Data Sampling
Vital Sign Data Filtering
Vital Sign Data Preprocessing
Vital Sign Data Transmitting to Gateway
Wearable Sensor MICAz
TinyOS NesC
Software
Hardware Sensors
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Related Health Care Projects

• Quality of Life Technology (QoLT) Center (CMU)
• http//www.qolt.org/
• New project, no paper yet
• Wireless Sensor Networks for Medical Care
  (Harvard)
• http//www.eecs.harvard.edu/mdw/proj/codeblue/
• See related papers
• Wireless sensor network for smart healthcare
  (AlarmNet) (Virginia)
• http//www.cs.virginia.edu/wsn/medical/
• See related papers
• Health research Innovation
• http//www.intel.com/research/prohealth/

10
Related Middleware/SOA Research for Sensor
Networks

• Related Projects
• http//www.ece.arizona.edu/hpdc/projects/lawn/
• http//www.futurehealth.rochester.edu/milan/pubs.h
  tml
• http//mobilab.wustl.edu/projects/agilla/
• Related Papers
• http//ceng.usc.edu/bkrishna/research/papers/YuKr
  ishnamachariPrasanna_middleware.pdf
• http//csdl2.computer.org/comp/mags/ds/2003/05/o50
  03.pdf
• http//www.futurehealth.rochester.edu/milan/IEEENe
  twork03.pdf
• http//portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id1101142dla
  cmcollCFID15151515CFTOKEN6184618
  (Middleware Design for Integration of Sensor
  Mobile Devices)
• http//www.cs.rpi.edu/brancj/Sentire_PERCOMW_2005
  .pdf
• http//portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id643550.64355
  6dlGUIDEdlACMidx643550partperiodicalWantT
  ypeperiodicaltitleACM20SIGMOBILE20Mobile20Co
  mputing20and20Communications20Review
  (Middleware challenges for wireless sensor
  networks )
• http//ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumb
  er944004 (Sensor information networking
  architecture and applications)
• http//ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumb
  er1265829
• http//www.simondobson.org/files/personal/dict/sof
  tcopy/ICOST-06.pdf (Sensor Fusion-based
  middleware for assisted living)
• http//ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumb
  er1251166isnumber28008 (Irisnet an
  architecture for a worldwide sensor web)