Sensation%20and%20Perception%20II

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Sensation and Perception II Perception of Time
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FUNCTIONS telling you duration processes that
need time mathematical integration (m/s/s -gt
m/s) motion (m/s) use of motion (time to
contact) telling you when to go to
bed synchronizing mating (to annual cycle)
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circadian rythmns light suprachiasmatic
nucleus pineal melatonin biological
clock temperature (hot makes it faster) drugs
amphetamine --gt slower pentobarbitol --gt
faster
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Suprachiasmatic nucleus
lesions abolish free-running rythms activity
related to circadian rythms isolated
suprachiasmatic nucleus still cycles
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divers
right answer
time seems slow
sick wife
time seems fast
cold
hot
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time OVERESTIMATED eg. when sick, or when
something horrid is happening
actual time (eg. 40s)
perceived time (eg. 60s)
time UNDERESTIMATED eg. when cold or when
distracted
actual time (eg. 100s)
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time OVERESTIMATED clock ticks faster
actual time (eg. 40s)
perceived time (eg. 60s)
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perceived time (eg. 60s)
time UNDERESTIMATED clock ticks slower
actual time (eg. 100s)
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INFORMATION-STORAGE SIZE THEORY more
information, takes longer ATTENTION
THEORY attention-use temporal
properties more attention-demanding, less you
notice time...
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Evidence for INFORMATION-STORAGE SIZE
more elements -- seems longer complexity -- seems
longer ambiguous -- longer than disambiguated
uncompleted more "memorable" and longer
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INFORMATION STORAGE THEORY
time OVERESTIMATED -- more elements
actual time (eg. 40s)
perceived time (eg. 60s)
time UNDERESTIMATED -- less elements
actual time (eg. 100s)
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"When a man sits with a pretty girl for an hour,
it seems like a minute. But let him sit on a hot
stove for a minute and it's longer than any hour.
That's relativity!" Albert Einstein Journal
of Exothermic Science and Technology (JEST, Vol.
1, No. 9 1938).
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clock ticks faster
clock ticks slower
(project with Jonathan Shulman)
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clock ticks faster
clock ticks slower
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Evidence for ATTENTION theory
concentrating -- faster than not
concentrating "the watched pot never boils"
clock ticks faster
clock ticks slower
concentrating
not concentrating
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ATTENTION THEORY
time OVERESTIMATED -- not concentrating
actual time (eg. 40s)
perceived time (eg. 60s)
time UNDERESTIMATED -- concentrating
actual time (eg. 100s)
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• Aging
• time goes faster
• ? time/lifespan (Weber's law)
• clock slowing down?
• dopamine depletion?

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Space and Time affect each other 1
seemed longer overestimation
right answer
seemed faster underestimation
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time OVERESTIMATED -- small screen -- clocks
ticks faster
actual time (eg. 40s)
perceived time (eg. 60s)
time UNDERESTIMATED -- big screen -- clock ticks
slower
actual time (eg. 100s)
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-- All of these represent the same speed (m/s) --
bigger distance -- faster time!
compression of space compression of time!
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Space and Time affect each other 2
Tau effect (effect of time on distance) if it
takes longer time between A and B then it seems
longer distance
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Space and Time affect each other 3
Kappa effect (effect of distance on time) If
distance bigger, time between flashes seems
longer.
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TAU effect (time affects distance) which
distance is longer
A
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Or
B
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KAPPA EFFECT Which interval seems longer
A
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Or
B
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Summary of Time Perception Functions
integration/motion/circadian rythms/mating Biolog
y light/suprachiasmatic nucleus/pineal/melatonin
Biological clock temperature/drugs Theories
information storage/attention Effects of
aging Space/Time interactions Tau and Kappa
effects