Present Participles

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Present Participles
A participle is a verbal ADJECTIVE
It is an ADJECTIVE made from a verb
Present Active Participle sending seeing
Present Passive Participle being sent
Present Passive Participle being seen
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Adjectives can be one of three genders

• masculine
• feminine
• neuter

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Adjectives can be one of four cases

• nominative
• genitive
• dative
• accusative

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Adjectives can be one of two numbers

• singular (one)
• plural (two or more)

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Verbs can be one of three voices

• active
• middle
• passive

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Participles can be one of four tenses

• present (we will learn only this now)
• aorist
• future (we dont get this)
• perfect (much later)

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Participles are declined (like nouns)

• Masculine participles are 3rd declension (a!rxwn,
  a!rxontoj)
• Feminine participles are 1st declension (doca,
  dochj)
• Neuter participles are 3rd declension

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Forming Present Active Participles (Masculine)
Start with the first principal part
graf
w
Drop the final w
Add the participal sign ont
Nom. Sing. ending is j
t disappears before j j drops off o lengthens
to w
ont
j
wn
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Forming Present Active Participles (Neuter)
graf
Start with the first principal part
w
Drop the final w
Add the participal sign ont.
ont
No Nom. Sing. ending t drops off
on
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Forming Present Active Participles (Feminine)
graf
Start with the first principal part
w
Drop the final w
Add the participal sign ont
ont
Nom. Sing. ending originally was ia
ousa
ia
onti evolved into ous
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Present Participle Active Endings (Singular)

• Masculine Neuter
• nominative -j --
• genitive -oj -oj
• dative -i -i
• accusative -a --

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Present Participle Active Endings (Plural)

• Masculine Neuter
• nominative -ej -a
• genitive -wn -wn
• dative -si -si
• accusative -aj -a

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Present Participle Active Feminine Endings

• Singular Plural
• nominative -a -ai
• genitive -hj -wn
• dative -h -aij
• accusative -an -aj

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Present Active Participle (Masculine)
Singular
Plural
Nominative
pe/mpwn
pe/mpontej
Genitive
pe/mpontoj
pempontwn
Dative
pe/mponti
pe/mpousi
Accusative
pe/mponta
pe/mpontaj
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Present Active Participle (Neuter)
Singular
Plural
Nominative
pe/mpon
pe/mponta
Genitive
pe/mpontoj
pempontwn
Dative
pe/mponti
pe/mpousi
Accusative
pe/mpon
pe/mponta
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Present Active Participle (Feminine)
Singular
Plural
Nominative
pe/mpousa
pe/mpousai
Genitive
pempou/shj
pempouswn
Dative
pempou/sh
pempou/saij
Accusative
pe/mpousan
pe/mpousaj
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Pres. Middle/Passive Participle (Masculine)
Singular
Plural
Nom.
pempomenoj
pempomenoi
Gen.
pempome/nou
pempome/nwn
Dat.
pempome/nw
pempome/noij
Acc.
pempomenon
pempome/nouj
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Pres. Middle/Passive Participle (Feminine)
Singular
Plural
Nom.
pempome/nh
pempomenai
Gen.
pempome/nhj
pempome/nwn
Dat.
pempome/nh
pempome/naij
Acc.
pempome/nhn
pempome/naj
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Pres. Middle/Passive Participle (Neuter)
Singular
Plural
Nom.
pempomenon
pempomena
Gen.
pempome/nou
pempome/nwn
Dat.
pempome/nw
pempome/noij
Acc.
pempomenon
pempomena